Abstract: In the context of the modern transformation of Russian statehood, attention to the problems of improving law enforcement has naturally increased. Of particular importance are the issues of the application of modern scientific achievements. It is no coincidence that over the past decade, the study of the process of formation and development of criminal investigation has noticeably intensified.
The object of the study is the activity of the East Siberian Criminal police aimed at combating criminal crime, the subject is the implementation of this activity through the introduction of advanced scientific achievements. The purpose of the study is to determine the content, trends, patterns and contradictions of the process of formation and development of criminal investigation.

The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the features of the introduction of advanced methods of investigation into the activities of the police of Eastern Siberia.
The practice of combating criminal crime in pre-Soviet times on the territory of Eastern Siberia demonstrated the urgent need to apply the latest achievements of science and technology. Due to the lack of effective means and methods of identifying criminals, the criminal investigation system of Eastern Siberia did not fulfill its main tasks. Already in the second half of the XIX century, the steady decline in the personal and property security of the Siberian population required the local administration to take the most drastic measures. One of the most promising areas of combating criminal crime was the use of advanced methods of investigation. However, due to financial difficulties, the use of promising methods in operational activities for many years remained only the lot of single enthusiasts. The remoteness from the metropolis, the personnel crisis and insufficient funding had a decisive impact on the very possibility of using advanced scientific and technical achievements in detective work.

Abstract: In the context of modern transformation of Russian statehood, attention to the problems of law enforcement activities improvement has strengthened. The problems of specialization of police structures have become of a key importance. It’s no coincidence that during the recent decade, the process of formation and development of criminal investigation has been actively studied. The topicality of the problem determines the object, subject and purpose of the research. The research object is the process of formation and development of criminal investigation service in Irkutsk province, the research subject is the implementation of this process in the work of Irkutsk police. The purpose of the research is to define the sense, tendencies, patterns and contradictions of this process. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the process of formation of criminal investigation service in Irkutsk province. The specificity of organization of criminals detection in Irkutsk province was determined by the specificity of local law enforcement activity. To the extent possible, local administration was trying to carry out criminal investigation in the region using the standard organization of the police work. But such an organization was in contradiction with the requirements imposed on it. Police were not able to organize proper criminal investigation due to the variety of tasks they faced. It turned out to be impossible to organize criminal investigation by independent units in Irkutsk province. Experience proved that the system of financial support for criminal investigation of that time didn’t allow creating special investigative units. This factor determined the appearance of “private detectives” under the jurisdiction of Irkutsk police. However, the insufficient financial support resulted in the poor quality of investigative activity which usually erupted into illegal activities. Remarkably, the necessity to create organizational structures of criminal investigation was much more urgent than in other regions of the country, which is proved by persistent actions of the province administration. 
 

Abstract: The authors consider the peculiarities of professional education of internal affairs officers. The subject of research is the analysis and selection of tactical training techniques. At present, there’s a problem of incomplete knowledge and practical skills in the field of tactical actions of police units in special circumstances. One of the promising ways to solve this problem is to use the techniques giving the opportunity to optimize staff training in order to form competencies helping to accomplish operative tasks. The authors use the method of generalization of pedagogical experience, as well as the methods of deduction and induction. 
The scientific novelty of the study consists in the use of the proposed technique as a complex of methods and forms of staff training for actions in emergency situations. Such a technique helps develop skills and correct the contents of educational goals and tasks in accordance with new challenges and threats, and is supposed to be one of the most promising directions in raising the effectiveness of professional training of internal affairs officers.