Abstract: The subject of the research is the legal acts of different legal power that regulate the grounds and extent of competences assigned to migration subdivisions as part of internal affairs authorities of th eRussian Federation. The authors of the article also share their opinion regarding the entire internal affairs system of the Russian Federation. The authors view the subject matter from the point of view of the legal regulation of migration subdivisions' competences taking into account the current internal affairs system of the Russian Federation, analyze opportunities and efficiency of their implementation at the stage of reformation of Russia's Ministry of Internal Affairs structure. The research is based on the analysis of the history of migration authorities developent, applicable legal acts and regulations, their comparison, discovery and description of certain problems that may arise in the process of legal regulation of competences of the aforesaid subdivisions created and functioning at different territorial levels of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The main results of the research include description of special competences of migration subdivisions at different levels of state management, particlarities of the legal regulation of their competences and activity arrangement,  problems the Ministry of Internal Affairs faces and their solutions. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that so far there have been no integral researches of the legal regulation of powers and migration subdivisions' activity arrangement under the conditions of reformation of Russia's Ministry of Internal Affairs structure. Conclusions made by the authors may be applied for improving the legal basis that regulates the legal position and migration subdivisions' activity arrangement at internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation.