Abstract: The object of this research is the world politics, while the subjects is the psychoeconomic stimuli that incite the Libertarian Party of Russia to manifestation of altruism in world politics, reflected in participation in peacekeeping operations or rendering humanitarian assistance. At the same time, the classical concept of “regional choice” or the school of realism cannot explain propensity of the states for displaying altruism. In majority of cases, it was beneficial for the states to choose the strategy of “fare evader”; but the practice demonstrates that many countries spent considerably on altruism that are disadvantageous from the perspective of classical paradigm. The research methodology is bases on the historical and anthropological methods; the latter can be interpreted extensively, since the article uses the concepts of evolutionary psychology and economics. The scientific novelty consists in application of the concept of “conspicuous consumption” and “costly signaling” to the analysis of foreign policy of the states. The article underlines that certain foreign policy acts of the countries may be aimed at gaining additional prestige, rather than acquisition of actual strategic profits on the international arena.

Abstract:  
The object of this research is the financial markets pressure groups, in other words, associations of influential financial experts and industrialists that attempt to affect the regulatory rules established in the financial markets. The subject is the motivation of pressure groups towards limitation of the financial development, tools applied for introduction of the anti-market legislation, as well as the political climate used for adoption of laws that restricts the financial development of one or another country. Global statistics demonstrates that the financial sector manifests as one of the most “regulated”, which substantiates the relevance of this work. Theoretical base of the research contains the political economy paradigm alongside the rational choice theory that view the political actors as economic agents that maximize their value. The article explains why the restriction of financial development can be profitable for the large industrial and financial corporations. The author systematized the theoretical positions of the rational choice theory in application to the pressure groups. Based on the example of the Japanese financial markets, it is described the precise mechanism of the pressure groups used to constraint the financial development.
 

Abstract: The subject of the research is the saving behavior of economic agents (in this case, population) under limited resources nd uncertain environment. The object of the research is the combination of cognitive and behavioral effects and phenomena that encourage or prevent from savings. These factors can be successfully used to encourage this type of economic behavior, moreover, some of them can be used directly by the government as well as financial institutions (retail banks, etc.). In their research the authors have used traditional economic research methods such as analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and research abstraction. They have also used the method of case study (analysis of particular situations) and others. The researchers focuse on qualitative instead of quantitative analysis. The authors have offered a classification of discovered made in the fields of behavioral and cognitive economy, these discoveries facilitating or preventing from saving behavior of economic agents. The authors also analyze the experience of financial institutions aimed at encouraging saving behavior and developing relevant behavioral patterns (the habit to save money). The authors also offer to adapt a number of instruments that are used in modern marketing. In particular, they analyze savings gamification methods (based on the goal gradient hypothesis) and opportunities to apply the endowment effect through visualisation of the future value in account, etc.