Abstract: The subject of this study is the conflict between the two Palestinian movements - Fatah and Hamas. The author outlines the key reasons for the collision between the two organizations, the dynamics of their confrontation and the attempts at third-party reconciliation. The article study examines the specific traits of the intra-Palestinian territorial and ideological fracture, which became a major obstacle on the way to the peace process between Israel and Palestine. Attention is focused on Egypt as a mediator strategically interested in the formation of a unified Palestinian government, which will decrease terrorist activity levels in the Sinai region. From the methodological standpoint, the study is rooted in the principles of cooperation of two unequally powerful actors. The Fatah, being one of the key links in the Palestinian National Authority, which is integrated into international organizations and is a legitimate presence on the global arena, and the Hamas as an armed enclave controlling the Gaza strip and employing terrorist tactics in their fight against political opponents and Israel.
The study concludes that the main reason for the Fatah-Hamas conflict still being unresolved is the lack of trust between the opposing sides and their lack of ability to compromise, and the fear of being left out of the political process. A potential resolution is possible only if the opponents find the resources to make mutual compromises.