Abstract: The object of this research is the ecophilic and ecophobic trends in collective consciousness. The subject of this research is vegetarianism as an ecophilic and eco-theological concept. The relevance of this article lies in the fact that vegetarianism as a theoretical-practical approach towards life sustenance allows assessing and outlining the solutions to the environmental problems. Vegetarian food correlates with the ethical position, systemogenetics of law and morality, and religious attitudes. The interrelation between vegetarianism and ecology is reflected in ecophilic approach towards environment. The author leans on the general scientific theoretical methods, such as genetic, comparative, systemic, and factor analysis; and provides an overview of the thematic literature. The conclusion is made that vegetarianism can be considered an indicator of ecophilia-oriented collective consciousness. The philosophical conceptualization of the problem of vegetarianism is the problem of bioethics and environmental ethics, as well as eco-theology. The ethical outlook upon vegetarianism consists in comprehension of the value of life of the whole creation and biocentric regard to all animal organisms. The eco-theological approach is demonstrated on the example of the theory and practice of vegetarianism in Vedic culture.

Abstract: The object of this research is the eco-friendly and eco-phobic trends in social consciousness. The subject of this research is the concept of religious eco-friendliness. Due to the eco-friendly attitude towards nature, a human tends to minimize the environmental damage. On the other hand, human design within the framework of transhumanism in modern society, combined with technocratism, hedonism and eco-phobia, does not allow improving the quality of life. The theoretical aspect of this work consists in the insufficient study of the philosophy of ecology, eco-friendly and eco-phobic indicators of civilizational and religious development as an ecological worldview; practical aspect is associated with the need for ensuring favorable living environment in Russia. Civilizational importance regards to global sustainability of the development of humanity and the need for positioning nature as the object of special care and reverence. The following conclusions were made: the attitude of religious problematic towards environment and life can be reflected in certain indicators confirming the eco-friendliness of religion; the religions based on eco-friendly views, possess particular characteristics and actualize for solving the ecological issues. The author examines the interaction between eco-friendly and eco-phobic strategies of human and society in the context of religious consciousness. Religion is viewed as a constraining factor in the relationship of human and environment. Transhumanism and technocratism as the strategies of civilizational development are subjected to critical analysis. The creative use of eco-friendly traditions in noosphere dialogue manifests as the resource for accessing the new civilizational paths of development.