Khlebnikov D.V. —
On the Question of the Iconography of Russian Bust-Length Deesis Iconostases in the 15th - 16th Centuries: On One Genealogical Classification
// History magazine - researches. – 2019. – ¹ 1.
– P. 64 - 99.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0609.2019.1.26621
URL: https://en.e-notabene.ru/hsmag/article_26621.html
Read the article
Abstract: The article addresses the only study to date that is focused entirely on the iconography of full-figured Deesis and analyzes the theses presented in it.The author's attention is focused mainly on the theses regarding the models and their copies by icon painters; the images revealed through modifications; the extent of their prevalence and relationship of modifications and their “lists”. The author, stating his adherence to the textological research method, analyzes genealogical studies on particular icons and iconographic types. The author examines the conclusions regarding the icons of the iconostasis of the Kremlin Annunciation Cathedral as “the only archetype” for Russian Deesis icons, as well as the simplification of this “archetype” by subsequent icon painters, leading to the appearance of new imagery.The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the collation of icon images using the contours of their drawing, which allows to visually present the discussed images with all their details, as well as to compare a significant number of icons at the same time. As a result of the verification of the theses from the work under review, carried out using extensive additional material (the author considered more than one and a half hundred Deesis iconostases and their fragments), the following conclusions were made:1) the icons of the Annunciation Cathedral were not the iconographical source of Russian Deesis icons;2) in Russian icons there is no simplification of the drawing compared with the icons of the Annunciation iconostasis;3) the author did not observe any universal or compulsory copying;4) in some cases perhaps several models were used at the same time, which makes Deesis icons almost closed for genealogical research;5) the number and variety of image versions that are part of the Deesis far exceed those described in the literature.
Khlebnikov D.V. —
Saviour in Powers: Interpretation of Iconography. Remarks on Sources and Parallels in the East and West
// Culture and Art. – 2018. – ¹ 9.
– P. 86 - 114.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0625.2018.9.26697
URL: https://en.e-notabene.ru/camag/article_26697.html
Read the article
Abstract: The objective of this research is to analyze the ideas in the literature regarding the origin and content of the Russian iconography of Saviour in Glory; the subject is its relation to the western and eastern counterparts and images of the vision of the prophet Ezekiel. In the iconography of Saviour in Glory, there are features that gave the researchers reason to see the iconography as the direct source of the Book of Ezekiel, and to understand it as an image of the Vision; its appearance is associated with the introduction of readings from Ezekiel into Russian worship. The methodological basis of the article is an interdisciplinary and integrated approach, in particular, attraction of liturgical manuscripts, church inventories and images: icons, frescoes, book miniatures, etc. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the researcher analyzes a large number of sources of including unpublished ones. The author of the article shows that the emergence of iconography is not synchronous with the introduction of readings from Ezekiel to Russian worship. The author concludes that most of the Western and Eastern Vision images are not similar to the iconography under study and cannot be considered as its source; direct link with the text of Ezekiel is questioned.