Abstract: The subject of this research is the role of African Union in humanitarian sphere and its relevant contribution into ensuring humanitarian security in the region of Tropical Africa. The goal of this work is the versatile assessment of genesis of the humanitarian security concept, the existing legal and institutional frame of African Union, as well as the operating capabilities on responding to various threats to humanitarian security emerging in the Sub-Saharan Africa. Using the comparative-historical method, the author analyze the emergence and development of the humanitarian security concept at the UN level and Organization of African Unity / African Union respectively. The typological method helps to consider the main groups of threats to humanitarian security. The article also applies the comparative method. The policy of responding of the African Union to the current complex humanitarian crises is being examined. The scientific novelty consists in the following results: 1) the potential of African Union in the area of ensuring humanitarian security in Africa depends is developed unevenly; at the same time, the most influential are the developed by African Union legal mechanisms of protecting the personal and social rights; 2) the efficiency of policy of the European Union aimed at maintaining the humanitarian security depends on multiple factors, primarily the financial capacity of the Union, level of coordination of its action with other international organizations; nature of the crisis. The main conclusion consists in the thesis that despite the objective difficulties, African Union plays a key role in ensuring humanitarian security in the Sub-Saharan Africa.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the most recent trends in development of the legal, institutional, and financial instruments of the international response policy upon the challenges of forced migration. The goal of this work is to determine whether the global management had expanded onto solution of the issues of involuntary displacement of the large groups of people. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that the phenomenon of forced migration has been analyzed as a planetary problem. The article leans on the principles of historicism and objectivity, as well as historical-genetic method. Based on the analysis of decisions of several international forums and conferences, it is demonstrated that forced migration that expands beyond national boundaries or stays within, is more often recognized as a global issue. Such realization is a necessary prerequisite for the establishment of all-encompassing and involving all interested sides process of global risk management caused by forced migration. However, due to a number of factors, mostly because of the “sensitivity” of the questions on the domestic forced migration for the national states, the global management in such problem-thematic direction remains at the initial stage of establishment. Nevertheless, activation of the process of searching the general answers to the unprecedented in scale and complexity challenges of forced displacement, increases the relevance of conclusions of the conducted research about the gradual occurrence of the new spheres of global responsibility applied not only to refugees and individuals looking for asylum, but also the domestically migrated persons.

Abstract: The paper analyzes the humanitarian direction of Russia’s foreign policy in Asia Pacific countries. The author studies the forms and scales of Russia’s humanitarian presence in this region, particularly, the work of the network of Russian scientific and cultural centers. Using the comparative method, the author analyzes the differences between the Russian understanding of the conceptual limits of humanitarian diplomacy and the approach established on the national and sub-regional levels (within ASEAN) of Asia Pacific. In Russia, the “humanitarian cooperation” concept is usually understood very widely, while in Asia Pacific, the problem-oriented approach to humanitarian activities in foreign policy has been established. The author concludes that at the present time, humanitarian efforts are aimed at solving the problems caused by the high level of vulnerability of the Asia Pacific region to nonconventional security threats (natural disasters, forced displacement of large numbers of people). The author formulates recommendations for the promotion of Russia’s experience in emergency situations prevention and management and in strengthening logistical and infrastructural components of Russia’s humanitarian presence in Asia Pacific. Particularly, the author suggests creating a large humanitarian response depot in Vladivostok (using the example of the UN Humanitarian Response Depots).