Abstract: The subject of the study is the position of M. Gottfredson and T. Hirschi, expressed within the framework of the general theory of crime and based on the assertion that the level of self-control is determined by parenting techniques, but not by biological and genetic influences. However, genetic and neurobiological studies complement this point of view and show that biogenic factors are also largely responsible for the quality of self-control. The object of the study is the social relations that arose in the process and regarding the explanation of the genesis and subsequent correction of criminal behavior. The authors consider in detail the phenomenon of self-control as one of the elements of an extensive palette of determinants of our behavior. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the activity of the frontal cortex of the brain and related neuropsychological problems that clearly affect the level of self-control of behavior.  The methodological basis of the work consists of the laws and categories of dialectical materialism and a historical approach to the interpretation of socio-legal phenomena. The methodology is represented by a set of general scientific and private scientific methods. The main methods of work are extrapolation, comparison and the method of expert assessments. The main conclusion of the study is the criminological interpretation of the results of studies of brain activity before and after psychiatric treatment, which showed a decrease in prefrontal cortex activity and normalization of brain blood flow. Positive changes in brain activity levels corresponded to the adequacy of mental activity. These results demonstrated that rehabilitation programs aimed at cognitive functioning can reduce the activity of delinquent behavior. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the most effective programs to reduce recidivism, as it can alter brain activity. The novelty of the research lies in the proposal to use advanced neuroimaging techniques that are able to detect the most minor brain abnormalities. This will make it possible to more clearly understand the mechanisms of the influence of brain function on behavior. The authors believe that criminologists should carefully study the data from brain research and integrate them into theories of the causes of criminal behavior.

Abstract: In the framework of this article, the authors state the expediency of further searching for determinants of delinquent behavior at the junction of criminology and criminal psychology. Therefore, by clarifying and developing methodological tools, it is expected to significantly supplement knowledge about the mechanisms of committing crimes. The object of the study is the social relations formed in the process of the study of the characterology of delinquent behavior. The subject of the study is the characteristics of persons demonstrating offending behavior, criminal law, scientific papers reflecting the problems analyzed in the work. The research base was made up of convicts in special regime colonies, law-abiding citizens, as well as a set of scientific works on criminology and legal psychology by domestic and foreign authors. The purpose of this work is defined as the identification of the basic foundations, theoretical and methodological foundations of the characterology of delinquent behavior. The methodological basis of the work consists of the laws and categories of dialectical materialism and a historical approach to the interpretation of socio-legal phenomena. The methodology is represented by a complex of general scientific and private scientific methods. The main methods of work are extrapolation and the method of expert assessments. The novelty of the study lies in the proposals made to clarify the methodology used in the study of the characterology of individuals, which determines various variants of delinquent, including criminal, behavior. As a result of the conducted research, the authors conclude that further refinement of the methodological apparatus makes it possible to identify the essence of the mechanism of committing a crime. In addition, the presented basic principles can be used as the basis for studying the deviant manifestations of an individual, based on a phenomenological approach – consideration of the features of speech activity. Further specification of research tools will make it possible to more clearly identify the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of criminogenic infection of a person. This information will provide an opportunity to improve the quality and effectiveness of individual crime prevention. At the end of the work, the prospect of scientific research in this area was announced.

Abstract: The authors study the phenomenon of criminogenic contamination of a criminal identity in the context of comparative analysis of psychological peculiarities of law-abiding citizens and criminals. The study is based on the personal theory – humanstructurology by G. Ammon. The objects are law-abiding citizens and the groups of the convicted of crimes against person, property, in the sphere of sexual freedom and sexual integrity, for illegal production, storage, transportation, transmission or marketing of drugs or narcotic substances. The research subject is the structure of humanfactors, its quantitative and qualitative representation depending on the group specificity. The research methodology is based on the laws and categories of materialistic dialectics and the historical approach to the interpretation of social and legal phenomena. The research methodology includes comparative analysis of average statistical indexes describing the condition of the humanstructure of personal features of criminals of the above mentioned groups and law-abiding citizens. The system of estimation indexes, proposed by authors, allows defining the statistically reliable significant differences of these indexes describing the most prominent and the most stable characteristics of humanstructurology of persons in the groups under consideration. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that using the basis of identity – the existentiality of corporeality – the authors define the level of personal criminogenic character (criminogenic contamination) on the basis of calculated indexes characterizing personal features. The authors prove the thesis about the system and sustainable character of manifestations of the existentiality of corporeality in the humanstructurology of personal features of convicts. Consequently, the existentiality of corporeality of a person as a significant philosophical and methodological ground can be used for the study of criminal identity, particularly, the level of its criminogenic contamination. 

Abstract: The authors suggest using the existential of corporeality – a philosophical and methodological ground, which is significantly important for the process of prognostication. This concept can be used for studying of a criminal personality, particularly, the level of his or her criminal contamination. The research object is the existential of corporeality as a source of a uniqueness of a personality. The research subject is the persons adjudicated for criminal actions – crimes against person, property, sexual freedom and sexual immunity, illegal production, purchasing, possession, transportation, passing or marketing of narcotic or psychotropic substances. The authors study the criminological phenomenon of a “criminal personality” from the position of the personality theory – G. Ammon’s humanstructurology. The research methodology is based on the laws and categories of materialist dialectic and the historical approach to the interpretation of social and legal phenomena. The research methods include the comparative analysis of averaged statistical coefficients describing the state of the humanstructure of personal peculiarities of criminals and law-abiding citizens. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that the level of criminal contamination is defined not through the subjectivity of a personal belief, but on the basis of calculated indexes characterizing personal peculiarities of an individual. The authors substantiate the thesis about a system sustainable character of the existential of corporeality in the humanstructurology of personal peculiarities of adjudicated persons.