Abstract: The subject of the research is the components of romantic affectino to a partner and actual needs and personality traits of men and women. The object of the research is the romantic affection of men and women to a partner. The research involved 70 men and women aged 20 - 25 years who had romantic affection at the moment of the research. The article establishes the characteristic for men and women components of romantic attachment to a partner, and also reveals their relationship with actual needs and personality traits. The differences in the established relationships are analyzed. The study was conducted using test methods and statistical data processing. The author has also used Friedman's X2 criterion, Wilcoxon T-criterion and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. As a result of processing the research data, it was shown that the dominance of the same component of romantic attachment in men and women is associated with different actual needs; that women, unlike men, are prone to psychological "accretion" with a partner; that the dissatisfaction of social needs in both men and women leads to increased autonomy in romantic relationships, and their satisfaction to emotional closeness. The novelty of the research consists in establishing the conditionality of the peculiarities of the romantic affection of the partners by their actual needs; in establishing personality traits characteristic of men and women with certain features of romantic affection. The research results can be used in the work of psychological services that provide counseling support to citizens on personal and family life.