Abstract: The subject of the research is the impact that tax benefits and other fiscal policy measures have on the tax burden of production factors. The object of the research is the labor and capital tax burden. Particular attention is paid to assessing the impact of investment tax incentives on the level of tax burden. The preferences related to the income tax are treated in detail, both in terms of tax rates and the tax base. There is also a quantitative analysis of the organization property tax benefits. The calculation of effective tax rates is used as a methodological basis for the analysis. The method for estimating income tax shortfalls using the amortization premium and accelerated depreciation is proposed. The prevailing role of these allowances in decreasing the tax burden in comparison with the exemptions and reduced rates of corporate income tax is substantiated. In order to stimulate investment activity it is proposed to decrease the tax burden on labor in addition to the measures reducing the effective income tax rate.