Abstract: The subject of this research is the legal status of natural persons conducting business activity without state registration as individual entrepreneurs (the so-called self-employed), which is in the process of establishment. The author analyzes the recent amendments in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the Tax Code of the Russian Federation that regulate as a separate form of entrepreneurship the income-producing activity of such citizens. The article examines the various points of view of the Russian scholars regarding the “actual entrepreneurship” as a phenomenon of legal reality. The results of research demonstrate that the group of natural persons that exercise their activity without the state registration as an individual entrepreneur must be distinguished among the subjects of business activity. The named group, in turn, divides into two subgroups: 1) natural persons that are not registered as individual entrepreneurs contrary to law; 2) natural persons that conduct legitimate business, not being registered as individual entrepreneurs. The legislative work on establishment of legal regime for the second subgroup is not yet completed. In terms of selecting an appropriate regulatory strategy, the author makes recommendations to take the supportive and stimulatory measures of the civil legal and financial legal character, as well as the measures of administrative legal enforcement.

Abstract: The research subject is the theoretical problem of defining the legal nature of a factoring agreement. The article is aimed at forming the sufficient approach to the understanding of the legal nature of a factoring agreement. The author studies the particular constructions of a factoring agreement to analyze the essence of this phenomenon. Special attention is paid to the issue of complexity of the factoring agreement model. The research methodology includes the dialectical method, the system method, the methods of induction, deduction, abstraction, and the technical method. The author concludes that the mutual direction and the equality of assignment of a financial agent and a client in the factoring agreement determine its “credit-exchange” nature: monetary resources are replaced by financial claims. Provision of funds and financial claims assignment are the two main procedures defining the essence of the civil construction of factoring. The author reasons the opinion about the complex nature of a factoring agreement, based on the understanding of a complex agreement as a multicomponent agreement legislated as an independent form of a civil law contract. The conclusion about the complexity of the agreement, and the identification of the elements of combination can be applied in practice when considering the situation of a regulatory vacuum which can be overcome not only with the help of the provisions of law of obligation, but also using the provisions regulating the “primary” agreement.