Abstract: The research subject is regional agricultural policy, undergoing significant socio-economic transformations, aimed at, first of all, the provision of national food safety. At the same time, the issues of instrumental and methodological support of substantiation of goals and the agricultural sector strategic development indexes are still highly controversial. Therefore, the problem of development of the models and methods of organizational and economic mechanism of strategic goal-setting, gets special attention both on the legal and the scientific and methodological levels. The research is based on the methodology of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, which is aimed at quantitative assessment of regional agricultural and food policy, and the instruments of econometric analysis. The research is based on the data of the agricultural sector of Penza region and the neighboring regions. The author obtains new data on the current state of agricultural policy in studied region, which needs to be corrected. The developed strategical models of agricultural and food policy formation can serve as a base for the state agricultural policy reorientation. 

Abstract: The research subject is the strategy of agriculture development, which, on the one hand, has shown the new stage of development of regional agricultural economics, and on the other hand, hasn’t been methodologically substantiated in the fundamental aspects of planning. The problems of strategical goal-setting and formation of the documents for the development of the agricultural sector, their harmonization with resource base and mutual harmonization, haven’t been solved yet. The research is based on the elements of strategic analysis of effectiveness of state development programs for the sectors of economics, the methods of monographic examination and structural analysis of strategic development documents, comparative analysis of methodological and instrumental bases of prognostication support. The authors generalize and define the strategic horizons of agricultural sector, analyze the target values of regional agriculture development, reveal the problems of their methodological substantiation. The research results prove the necessity to modernize the instruments of agricultural economics strategic planning with account for its priority importance. The acquired results can help highlight the key points in the formation and implementation of the regional agriculture development at the present stage. 

Abstract: The produce market of the Russian Federation does not currently satisfy the demands of the population, and the produce consumption is nearly half of its necessary norms. The main reasons consist in the low production rate and the purchasing power of population, which is in turn, related to low level of development of the market infrastructure. This leads to a sharp need for improvement of the instruments of agricultural policy with regards to produce market and reform of the models of the organizational and economic development of produce market. This work demonstrates the peculiarities and current problems of efficiency of the produce sub-complex, generalizes the key factors of development of the produce market, formulates methodology and presents the analysis and assessment of the state of the current environment in the produce market of the Republic of Mordovia, and devises models for optimization of the structure of farmland.