Abstract: This article explores the outlook of the accomplished representative of Narodniks movement P. N. Tkachev upon the law and state in genetic and ontological regard. The subject of this research is the regularities and peculiarities of genesis and evolution of the thinker’s ideas on the essence of law with reference to the entire assemblage of knowledge of the modern general theory of law and political science. The author carefully examines the philosophical-worldview and theoretical-legal foundations of P. N. Tkachev’s views upon the origin and concept of state and law, their genetic, functional, and value characteristics. A special methodological accent is made on the systemic and comparative approach towards the research of P. N. Tkachev’s heritage. The fundamental conclusion of the conducted research consists in the thesis that distinct feature of Tkachev’s legal consciousness is the interpretation of the essence of law as the power of state coercion, which systematically finds its practical realization in legal order. Tkachev associates law, by its origin, with the interest realized by the dominant classes in legislation through the abilities of the state. The author underlines that Tkachev alongside the founders of Marxism have identical views upon the nature of law.

Abstract: This article analyzes the early publications of Pyotr Tkachev, a prominent representative of the people’s movement, written by him during the 1860’s in the period of “Great Reforms” dedicated to the issues of law. The subject of this research is the regularities of the genesis and evolution of the thinker’s assessment of the potential of the mass peasantry legal awareness. The author substantiates the fact of the gradual evolution of his outlooks upon this issue and highlights the final point of this process, which testifies that he completely reevaluated his earlier positions; an attempt is also made to explain the root causes for such substantial metamorphoses. The main conclusion of this research is the thesis that the revolutionary’s publications dedicated to the participation of the public element in the jury trial greatly differ between those published before and after 1865. In author’s opinion, namely Tkachev’s complete resolution of this issue has served as the foundation for the political doctrine created by him during emigration in the 1870’s, which rejected the active role of the masses in both, the political and social revolution in favor of a small group of ideological revolutionaries.  

Abstract: This article analyzes the early publications of Pyotr Tkachev, a prominent representative of the people’s movement, written by him during the 1860’s in the period of “Great Reforms” dedicated to the issues of law. The subject of this research is the regularities of the genesis and evolution of the thinker’s assessment of the potential of the mass peasantry legal awareness. The author substantiates the fact of the gradual evolution of his outlooks upon this issue and highlights the final point of this process, which testifies that he completely reevaluated his earlier positions; an attempt is also made to explain the root causes for such substantial metamorphoses. The main conclusion of this research is the thesis that the revolutionary’s publications dedicated to the participation of the public element in the jury trial greatly differ between those published before and after 1865. In author’s opinion, namely Tkachev’s complete resolution of this issue has served as the foundation for the political doctrine created by him during emigration in the 1870’s, which rejected the active role of the masses in both, the political and social revolution in favor of a small group of ideological revolutionaries.