Abstract: The authors study the data obtained in the result of the survey of young employees – the 2013, 2014, 2015 graduates of educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation. The survey was being carried out by the researchers of the Research and Development Center of the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation in June-August 2016. The purpose of the research was to find out graduates’ opinion about their profession and the peculiarities of service in the penitentiary institutions and bodies. The article considers the problem of adaptation of graduates of educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The authors come to the following conclusions:

It is necessary to correct the education program of educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation in respect of the education program projecting based on the complex approach, and the need for a close correlation of practical and theoretical educational process.
It is necessary to establish the system of assistance to young specialists in psychological, social, and professional adaptation, based on care of colleagues and senior executives. At the same time, it’s necessary to use the help of mentors, which would improve the work of the rest of the personnel, since they will not have to get distracted from their duties. 

Abstract: The subject of the research includes legal and organization problems of combating corruption in the system of public service of the Russian Federation. The author studies the mechanisms and the assessment of corruption risks which appear pending the work of penal institutions’ officials. The author notes that the majority of corruption crimes in the penal system are connected with giving or accepting a bribe. The author notes a high level of abuse of power or authority by the officials of the Federal Penitentiary Service and abuse of resources which aren’t in their possession by means of decision-making or rejection to make a decision. The author uses the general philosophical methods, the traditional legal methods (formal-logical), and the methods used in special sociological research (statistical methods, expert assessments, etc.). The article analyzes the notion of corruption, the normative-legal base of combating corruption, the recent condition of corruption in the penal system, statistical data, corruption risks classification, the main types of corruption crimes committed by the officials of the penal system. The author offers the ways of corruption prevention in the penal system.