Abstract: The research subject is import substitution policy aiming at the development of Russia’s real economy. The research object is the process of strengthening the national sovereignty characterized by the set of measures aimed at interaction between the state, business circles, the banking sector and society. Special attention is given to the idea that initially, import substitution was understood as a state economic policy strategy oriented toward economic development acceleration. However, at the present time, import substitution has transformed into the policy of strengthening the national sovereignty. The author substantiates the universal nature of import substitution in terms of the national sovereignty provision. The research methodology is based on the interdisciplinary approach focusing on the peculiarities of the national economy development and the global geopolitical situation. The author uses the methods of dialectics, abstraction, idealization, formalization, modeling, as well as analysis and synthesis. The author concludes that the import substitution policy includes two main directions of development: economic development of the country and strengthening the national sovereignty. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the justification of the phenomenon of import substitution as a universal basis of strengthening the national sovereignty. The author comes to the conclusion that the import substitution policy is not a strategic goal of the development of the country, but is only an instrument providing a possibility to move to an export-oriented model of development.  
 

Abstract: The object of study is the formation of the needs of the population that is affected by basic tendencies of development of world politics and Economics. The subject of the study highlighted the unified global economic and political space characterized by a certain convergence of the different aspects of the population of most countries, the standardization of national institutions for the formation and satisfaction of economic needs. Special attention is paid to the idea that in today's world, globalization performs some hidden from the public functions (expansion of markets, the suppression of the sovereignty of countries, access to resource rents countries) that are contrary to the stated (concern for human well-being, environmental component, uniform distribution).  Globalization generates certain supra-national macro-level of modern economy and policy, the Institute supports the formation needs of the population, creates a certain image of economic goods and technologies. A worthy alternative to such direction of development of the world economy is able to act as institutions of national sovereignty.  The author comes to the conclusion that one of the effective measures counteract the negative effect of the increase of globalization should be to change the main direction of globalization. It will involve the recognition of the multipolarity and diversity of the modern world, and the identification of common goals, needs and interests of development while addressing global challenges the global community in environmental, economic and political aspects.