Application of functional all-around methods based on kettlebell sport training tools in the process of physical training of cadets and students of educational institutions of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs

Kolesnichenko Dmitrii Aleksandrovich PhD in Economics Senior Educator, Department of Physical Training, Vladimir Kikot' Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (Ryazan Branch) 390043, Russia, Ryazan region, Ryazan, Krasnaya str., 18, office 114 kolesnichenko.fp@mail.ru Other publications by this author

Introduction

The education of physical qualities among cadets and trainees studying in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is characterized by qualitative specifics due to the need for comprehensive physical development, both in terms of strength, endurance, speed and dexterity, and in relation to mastering the skills of tactical and technical training. The presence of such skills acts as a prerequisite for the lawful use of physical force by an employee of the internal affairs bodies (hereinafter referred to as ATS) (in particular, fighting techniques). For this reason, the teaching staff of the departments responsible for physical training faces a special task, which is to ensure the harmonious development of not only the physical, but also the tactical qualities of students.

It should be noted that the mechanism for solving this problem is laid down in the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 44 dated February 02, 2024 "On Approval of the procedure for organizing personnel training to fill positions in the internal Affairs bodies of the Russian Federation", the content of which sets out the types of physical exercises aimed at developing the physical qualities necessary in the professional activity of an employee of the Department of Internal Affairs. Since checking the level of physical development of students is carried out in accordance with this regulatory legal act, the main attention in the educational process is traditionally given to the physical exercises mentioned in it. It seems, however, that limiting the means of physical education of cadets and trainees of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to standard physical exercises is neither strictly mandatory nor meeting the needs of the physical development of police officers at the present stage.

On the contrary, the scientific substantiation of such approaches to the organization of physical training, which could combine modern programming options for the training process, ensuring a high interest of students in the development and improvement of physical qualities, and regulatory requirements for the quality of training of police officers, is of particular relevance today. It is important to keep in mind that in order to diversify the training process, it is not always necessary to resort to complex logistics (equipment). In particular, a sports equipment such as a kettlebell can be considered one of their accessible and effectively used for the development of physical qualities. Currently, the field of its practical application is not limited to kettlebell lifting, in particular, a significant number of training complexes (systems) using kettlebells have been proposed in functional all-around ^{[2, p. 396]}; ^{[12, p. 90]}; ^{[15, p. 425]}. A classic kettlebell can have the following weight characteristics: 16, 24, 32 kg.

From the point of view of opportunities for physical education of students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the use of kettlebells as a sports equipment has a number of advantages. In particular, this projectile is compact, its use in the training process does not require special organization of space, the list of equipment used is minimal – it is enough to have at your disposal a crossbar, a platform 10 by 10 meters long and, accordingly, paired kettlebells weighing 16, 24 and 32 kilograms.

Considering the above, the purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that ensuring the development of the physical qualities of students in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at the level necessary in the professional activity of an interior Ministry employee is possible in a short time, in conditions of limited space and logistical support based on the use of functional all-around techniques based on kettlebell training equipment. sports. With the correct construction of the training process based on such techniques, the corresponding indicators increase significantly compared to the traditional approach to physical training of students. The object of the research is the process of developing and improving the physical qualities of students in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The subject of the research is the methods of functional all-around based on kettlebell training equipment, adopted for implementation in the educational process with cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (using the example of the Ryazan branch of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after V.Ya. Kikot).

Research methodology

In the course of the research, methods of observation, generalization of independent characteristics, study of advanced pedagogical experience, experiment, generalization, concretization were applied. The result of the work is a set of indicators confirming the effectiveness of using functional all-around programming systems with elements of kettlebell lifting for the development of strength qualities and endurance of students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

Two groups of students were formed to conduct the study – Group A and group B.

Group A trained according to the kettlebell program, which was based on the principles of programming the training process in the functional all-around. In group B, physical training classes were organized in accordance with traditional methods of developing the physical qualities of police officers.

In group A, the students performed the following special tasks:

Task 1. Complete 3 rounds:

1.1. 20 squats with a kettlebell on the chest of 16 kg.

1.2. 40 lifts of the body on the press lying on the floor.

This task involved extensive work, in which it was allowed to break up the repetitions until the required amount was set in the movements. The task was to work in the same high-speed mode. The weight of the kettlebell in this assignment was chosen heavy (taking into account the level of training, weight and well-being of the trainee).

Task 2. Complete 6 laps:

2.1. 7 burpees with a 24 kg kettlebell swing.

2.2. 10 pushes of a 24 kg kettlebell.

It was necessary to perform this task in one high-speed mode, without maximum effort. The weight of the kettlebell varied depending on the training, weight and well-being of the trainee.

Task 3. Complete 3 rounds, during which a total of 120 repetitions are scored - mahi kettlebell.

As part of this task, it was necessary to work all three rounds without putting the kettlebell on the floor, while changing hands at random. The weight of the kettlebell is light.

Task 4. Complete the ladder for the time 11-10-9-8-7...1:

4.1. Burpees.

4.2. Mach weights 24/32 kg.

Task 4 was a milestone control and was carried out at the beginning of the experiment and at its end (see the results in appendix No. 1).

Special tasks in group A were performed either at the end of the lesson or in its main part, along with the development of complex technical actions, such as fighting techniques.

In the second part of the experiment, training process programming systems developed in the functional all-around were used, such as: AMRAP (from English "As many rounds as possible" – "As many as you can complete"), EMOM (from English - "Every minute on the minute" - "Every minute during minutes"), Metcon (from English – "Metabolic conditioning workout" - training in metabolic conditioning).

Special tasks in group A in the second part of the experiment included:

Task 1:

Perform AMP for 5 minutes.

1.1 Demonstration of fighting techniques of wrestling – 1 technique (depending on the topic of the lesson).

1.2 10 kettlebell thrusts (5 with the right and 5 with the left hand without placing the kettlebell on the floor).

The goal of this task was to gain as many kettlebell thrusts as possible in 5 minutes without losing quality in performing combat techniques.

Task 2. Complete EMOM 10:

2.1. Demonstration of fighting techniques of wrestling – 1 technique (depending on the topic of the lesson) + 6 kettlebell swings (3 with the right hand, 3 with the left hand).

Task 3. Tabata 20 rounds:

3.1. Speed fighting techniques (depending on the topic of the lesson).

3.2. Jerk the kettlebell with your right hand.

3.3. Jerk the kettlebell with your left hand.

3.4. Push with the left hand.

3.5. Push with the right hand.

The results of the study and their discussion

Table No. 1. Group A boundary control tests

Table No. 2. Comparative analysis of the intermediate certification of groups A and B

Analyzing the data from the experiment, it should be noted a significant increase in both the strength qualities and endurance of the students of group A compared to the students of group B according to Table No. 1. In the experimental group, there is also an increase in the quality of the application of technical actions, and, consequently, a higher level of development of such physical qualities as speed and coordination (Table No. 2). It should be assumed that the detected positive effect is due not only to the effectiveness of functional all-around systems in comparison with traditional methods of developing physical qualities in general, but also to the fact that the variety, visibility and simplicity of the organization of the training process, qualitative improvement of body structure in a short time additionally motivate cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to targeted physical improvement..

Comparing the results obtained with other approaches proposed in doctrinal sources, it is impossible not to pay attention to the fact that in recent years very significant attention has been paid to the application of functional all-around techniques in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. At the same time, the use of elements of the training process programming systems developed in this sport is recommended as a means of educating a harmoniously developed student's personality ^{[1, p. 115]}, forming psychological stability, creating conditions for independent physical improvement and maintaining the necessary level of physical fitness ^{[5, p. 7]}; ^{[7, c. 105]}; ^{[8, p. 247]}. At the same time, when arguing for the need for such use, specific training complexes are either not given at all ^{[6, p. 218]}, or they are justified with meaningful content that does not take into account the regulatory requirements for the activities of police officers (including their level of physical fitness and the procedure for verifying compliance with their position in this part), organizational and technical conditions of activity of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

For example, for physical training classes with cadets and trainees, it is recommended to use training complexes that include barbell exercises performed individually by each student, exercises using a rowing machine, etc. ^{[3, p. 75]}; ^{[9, p. 136]}; ^{[11, p. 24]}; ^{[13, p. 322]}. Another problem is the availability of numerous recommendations for the implementation of complex coordination exercises in the process of independent work of students. In particular, we are talking about the elements of weightlifting (push, jerk, etc.), gymnastics (forceful exits, hand walking), etc. exercises that require lengthy preliminary training under the guidance and supervision of a personal trainer ^{[4, p. 106]}; ^{[10, p. 219]}; ^{[14, p. 85]}; ^{[16, p. 333]}. Such recommendations, although they correspond to the idea of functional all-around as a complex sport that includes elements of a number of different sports disciplines, are practically impossible in terms of safety requirements, lack of opportunities for individual monitoring of each student in the process of independent work, as well as the need to develop, in addition to physical qualities, special skills. skills and abilities in the field of application of combat techniques of wrestling.

Conclusion

Considering the above, it should be concluded that the private methodology presented in this article, which has been tested in the educational process and has proven to be highly effective, compares favorably with other proposed options. With its help, achieving the goal of developing physical qualities at the level necessary in the professional activity of an internal affairs officer becomes possible in conditions of a limited budget of time allocated to the development of physical qualities of students (compared with the time allocated to mastering combat techniques of wrestling), and with a minimum amount of special equipment. The novelty of the research is determined by the content of the proven methodology and the justification of the effectiveness of its application in the given conditions. The obtained results also allow us to identify a number of areas for further research, including: substantiation of options for using elements of the training process programming systems AMRAP, EMOM, Metcon in the educational process with cadets and students of universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia based on existing physical education and sports equipment (its individual varieties); evaluation of the effectiveness of such use in terms of regulatory requirements for the level of development of individual physical qualities of police officers (strength, speed, endurance).