Ispravnikov, N. R., Romanov, D. N. Perspectives of Modernization of Basic Institutions in the Social Sphere

Abstract: The main cause of a crisis in a social sphere is either the absence of comprehensive programs of reformation (which often happens in science and culture, for instance) or their failure (such as in health care, education, housing and communal services). The fi rst cause is rather obvious, but the second one (i.e. reformation principles) is still the topic of fi erce discussions. The problems of ‘insuffi cient’ budget and poor fi nancing of the social sphere depends on the institutional structure of the ‘real sector’ and its effi ciency in the long run. As for the problem of reformation of social sphere, here establishment of effi cient programs depends on understanding of specifi cs of social and economic institutions in this sphere. This is the main distinction between institutions in these two spheres which requires a differentiated approach to their reformation.

Keywords: