Reference:
Iryshkov A.V..
The first difficulties of the “Holy Experiment” at the turn of the 18th century
// World Politics. – 2017. – ¹ 1.
– P. 127-139.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8671.2017.1.22490.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8671.2017.1.22490
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Abstract: The research subject covers the main problems and difficulties, faced by the founder of Pennsylvania - a colony on the east coast of North America, William Penn, in the organization of resettlement, the colony administration and arrangement. Special attention is given to the issues of religious tolerance, land disputes, colony administration, and pacifism in the context of a permanent military threat. The author describes the role of Quakers in the organization of the new society, characterizes Penn’s policy aimed at inviting investors to the colony. The purpose of the work is to find out the reasons of the failure of the “Holy Experiment”. The research is based on the general scientific method of structural system analysis, consisting in the consideration of the phenomenon in development and as a complex of all its components. The author studies the phenomenon as a single and inseparable complex of political history, all state institutions, social structure, different political, ideological and religious directions. The author applies the historicism principle as a method of studying the phenomena in the process of their birth and evolution, in close connection with the particular historical context; it helps detect the qualitative and quantitative uniqueness of the phenomena, the common and special features. The acquired conclusions can be used for studying the history of Pennsylvania and Quakers, social and political life in England at the turn of the 18th century, and for religious and philosophy studies, particularly, the origins of Protestantism and pacifism. The author formulates the list of the main reasons, which had led to the failure of the project in its initial form.
Keywords: Thomas Loe, Quakers, Religious Society of Friends, Holy experiment, Pennsylvania, William Penn, New Jersey, Maryland, Society of Friends, pacifism
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