Reference:
Il'in E.A., Bogomaz S.L., Lukina A.K., Suvorova N.V., Nakonechnaya E.V..
Indicators of the Formation of the Civic Identity of the Student Youth in the Republic of Belarus
// Psychologist. – 2023. – № 2.
– P. 44-54.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2023.2.40055.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2023.2.40055
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Abstract: The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the concepts of "citizenship", "patriotism", "civic-patriotic education", taking into account the nature of the Belarusian students, defines the features of the formation of such vital values and priorities as comprehension, development of moral qualities; reliance on human rights; inner freedom of the individual; love for the Motherland; striving for peace and development; self-esteem. Modern Belarusian society is in the process of reforming many areas of public life, and the changes that are taking place bring to the fore qualitatively new tasks for the further development of an economically developed and socially oriented state. Their solution requires the formation of citizens, especially young people, who have the future of the country, an active life position, high moral and psychological qualities, among which civic responsibility to society and patriotism occupy an important place. The conducted research made it possible to determine that civil-patriotic education is of steady interest to 61.8% of the study participants, 82.5% of the target group at the Masherov State University have a stable idea of civil-patriotic education and about 62.1% of the target group identify criteria of civil culture of the individual, taking into account the social policy of the state, the civic formation of Belarusians.
Keywords: morality, patriotic feelings, culture, patriotic education, patriotism, education, civic culture, civic identity, citizenship, young people
References:
Ilyin, E.A. (2021). Ethnopedagogical foundations of the relationship between the processes of ideological and moral-patriotic education of the individual. Alpha-2021: Sat. scientific articles of the V International Scientific and Practical Internet Conference for Young Researchers. Educational Institution "Grodno State University named after Yanka Kupala"; editorial board: I. N. Kavinkina (editor-in-chief) [and others], 484-487. Grodno: GrGU im. Yanka Kupala.
Tradytsyya ў zhytstsі asoby i gramadstva. (2011). Polymya: literary-artistic and gramadska-palіtychny chasopіs, 4, 142–147.
Patryyatyzm like cashew and the tasks of vyhavannya moladzi: (experience of the work of the Belarusian dzyarzhaunaga university of culture and art): [interview with rektar BDUKM Yu.P. Bondaram]. (2015). Bulletin of Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts, 1(23), 5-12.
Yarovova, T.V. (2015). Patriotic education of student youth in modern conditions. Central Russian Bullet
Reference:
Sidorova T.N..
Psychological peculiarities of ethno-confessional identity of the Sakha – Yakuts
// Psychologist. – 2019. – № 6.
– P. 1-10.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.6.31672.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2019.6.31672
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Abstract: This article discusses the peculiarities of ethnic and religious identity of the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts, as well as self-categorization within the system “familiar – alien”. The subject of this research is the peculiarities of self-categorization of the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts. Leaning on theoretical analysis of the previous works, an assumption is made that as a criterial attribute at the core of self-categorization of the Orthodox Yakuts the ethnic identity would supersede the religious. The author examines the self-categorization processes among minorities, represented by the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts , since they hold such position in their ethnic and confessional group. The article used the methodology of E. Bogardus in modification of L. G. Pochebut; peculiarities of social identity of the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts were assessed using the test of Manfred Kuhn and Thomas McPartland “Who Am I?” Determination within the social representations of the Orthodox Yakuts of the system of objective differentiation criteria of “familiar – alien” was conducted on the basis of modified version of semantic differential and method of arbitrary associations. For determination of citerial structure of self-categorization was used factor analysis through extraction of key components. The main conclusion consists in the high index of ethnic tolerance among the Orthodox Sakha-Yakuts with regards to representatives of other ethnoses, their acceptance as the colleagues, and desire to establish business relationship. The respondents have augmented understanding of the concept “us”, demonstrating clear religious and ethnic identity. The author describes the categorial structure of self-categorization of the Orthodox Sakha – Yakuts comprised of the three factors: “quality of relationship with others”, “live activeness”, and “self-confidence”.
Keywords: self-awareness, criteria structure, identity, ethnic identity, self categorization, religious identity, social identity, own, alien, Orthodox
References:
Grazhdanskaya, etnicheskaya i regional'naya identichnost': vchera, segodnya, zavtra/ ruk. proekta i otv. red. L. M. Drobizheva.-M.: Rossiyskaya politicheskaya entsiklopediya, 2013.-485 s.-S. 195.
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Tajfel, H. and Turner,
Reference:
Alperovich V..
The Metaphors of 'Friends' and 'Aliens' in the Perception of People with Different Ethnocultural Appearance as Representations of Various Ethnic 'World Views'
// Psychologist. – 2018. – № 3.
– P. 1-18.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.3.26751.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.3.26751
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Abstract: This study is devoted to the problem of differences in metaphorical ideas about people with a different ethnocultural appearance as representations of various ethnic “world images”. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the metaphors of "friendly" and "alien" people with different ethnocultural appearance in persons with a similar ethnocultural appearance. The subject of the research was the metaphors of "friendly" and "alien" people with a "Slavic", "Caucasian" and "Asian" appearance in persons with a "Slavic" appearance. The following methods were used: content analysis of metaphors, correlation analysis. The method developed by the author for the study of the metaphors of "friendly" and "alien" people with different ethnocultural appearance is applied. It was first established that the metaphorical images of “alien” people and “enemies” with an “Asian” appearance are more positive than the metaphorical images of “alien” people and “enemies” with a “Caucasian” appearance. Respondents perceive “friendly” people with “Caucasian” appearance as having more similarity with them than “their” people with “Asian” appearance. It was concluded that the images of "friendly" people with different ethnocultural appearance in the subjective perception may have a similar structure, may be mediated by the same criteria for categorization of surrounding people in the "own" continuum - "alien", and the images of "alien" people with different ethnocultural appearance can be structurally different. Stereotypical metaphors of communication partners with different appearance indicate the impact of ethnocultural codes on ideas about other people from different ethnocultural groups.The results of the research can be applied in applied social psychology of conflict and discrimination.
Keywords: Caucasian external appearance, Slave external appearance, ethnolookism, external appearance, ethnocultural external appearance, aliens, friends, metaphors, Asian external appearance, ethnic image of the world
References:
Al'perovich V.D. Metafory «svoikh» i «chuzhikh» lyudey s raznym etnokul'turnym vneshnim oblikom v svyazi so stratifikatsionnymi kharakteristikami vzrosloy lichnosti // Psikholog. 2017. № 3. S.88-104. DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.3.22570. [Elektronnyy resurs] URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29424201
Bazarova D.R. Obraz mira sovremennoy molodezhi i ego strukturno-soderzhatel'nye kharakteristiki (na primere Baykal'skogo regiona) // Vestnik Buryatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2011. № 5. S. 27-30.
Baksanskiy O.E., Kucher E.N. Kognitivnyy obraz mira. M.: Kanon+, 2010. 224 s.
Belousova A.K., Mochalova Yu.A. Osobennosti obraza mira i tsennostnykh orientatsiy u predstaviteley razlichnykh etnicheskikh grupp // Izvestiya Yuzhnogo federal'nogo universiteta. Pedagogicheskie nauki. 2013. № 1. S. 99-106.
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Bzezyan
Reference:
Pogontseva D.V..
Attitude Towards Women with Different Ethno-Religious Appearance
// Psychologist. – 2017. – № 5.
– P. 26-32.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.5.24060.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.5.24060
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Abstract: In the modern world, we are constantly confronted with situations in which people are discriminated because of their appearance. One of the forms of discrimination is ethnolookism when the evaluation of ethnocultural identity is based on an assessment of the external appearance, and this evaluation results in a certain attitude, discriminatory or tolerant. In her article Pogontseva outlines the problem of attitudes toward women in connection with ethno-religious characteristics of their appearance for example, hijab (an Islamic handkerchief covering hair and neck). The research involved 807 people (371 men and 436 women) aged 18-55 years old (the average age was 25 years) living in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. The author has used her own questionnaire consisting of an incentive material (2 sets of photographs of 5 girls, in one case it is a portrait, in full-face, taken with natural make-up, the second set - the same girls, but in black hijabs). Respondents were asked to evaluate their attitude to the girls on the photos, on a scale from friendly to hostile, and to assess the degree of acceptance of the discriminatory behavior of the Other on the basis of the girl's appearance in the photograph. Based on the results, it can be said that the hostility towards the girl in the hijab is based only on the design of their appearance. It can be also noted that while the discriminatory behavior of the Other is directed at the girl in the hijab, respondents tend to condemn this behavior less than when the discriminatory attitude is directed at the girl without the hijab. Thus, the author emphasizes that a trigger of ethnolookism can be just a cover for a head or other symbols of different cultures.
Keywords: adoption of discriminatory behavior, attitude, ethnolookism, lookism, appearance, hijab, discrinination behavior, discrimination, racism, islam
References:
Hamzeh M. FIFA's double hijabophobia: A colonialist and Islamist alliance racializing Muslim women soccer players. Women's Studies International Forum, Volume 63, July–August 2017, P. 11-16.
Eid R., El-Gohary H. The role of Islamic religiosity on the relationship between perceived value and tourist satisfaction // Tourism Management. 2015. Vol. 46. R. 477–488.
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Pogontseva D.V. K voprosu o diskriminatsiya po vneshnemu obliku // Severo-Kavkazskiy psikhologicheskiy vestnik. 2011. T. 9. № 2. S. 47-50
Pogontseva D.V. Vidy diskriminatsii po vneshn
Reference:
Chistovskii D.I..
Current Trends of Modern Psychological Studies of Civil (National) Identity
// Psychologist. – 2017. – № 3.
– P. 51-62.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.3.22572.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2017.3.22572
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Abstract: The article provides an overview of foreign and domestic socio-psychological studies of the civil (national) identity in the period from 2007 to 2016. To do this, the author selected Web of Science and RISC cited publications on the subject which allowed to see the most relevant aspects thereof. Researches were grouped according to the main issues raised in these issues: the concept of civic identity as one of the social identities, factors affecting the national identity, relationship of civic identity and a variety of plants, intra-identification and national prejudices, loss of national identity, nationalism and patriotism (in-group identity and attitude to the outgroup). Such selection of articles and their analysis have provided an understanding of how to represent the civil identity of contemporary researchers and how this phenomenon is studied.
Keywords: in-group identity, national prejudices, in-group identification, social identity, patriotism, nationalism, national identity, civil identity, attitudes towards out-group, out-group aggression
References:
Verkuyten M., Yildiz A.A. National (dis)identification and ethnic and religious identity: A study among Turkish-Dutch Muslims // Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 2007. V. 33. Issue 10. Pp. 1448-1462.
Tsukamoto S., Enright J., Karasawa M. Psychological Essentialism and Nationalism as Determinants of Interethnic Bias // Journal of Social Psychology. 2013. V. 153. I. 5. Pp. 515-519.
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Muldoon O.T., Trew K., Todd J., Rougier N., McLaughlin K. Religious and national identity after the Belfast Good Friday Agreement // Political Psychology. 2007. V. 28. I. 1. P. 89-103.
Reijerse A., Van Acker K., Vanbeselaere N., Phalet K., Duriez B. Beyond the Ethnic-Civic Dichotomy: Cultural Citizenship as a New Way of Excluding Immigrants // Political Psychology. 2012. V. 34. Issue 4. Pp. 611-630.
Tajfel H. Social c
Reference:
Murashchenkova N., Brazhnik I..
Contents and Emotional Predictors of Elementary School Students' Perceptions of Their and Others' Ethnic Groups
// Psychologist. – 2016. – № 6.
– P. 20-35.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.6.20790.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.6.20790
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Abstract: The article presents results of the empirical social-psychological research. 83 Russian second- and third-year elementary school students of Smolensk (47 girls and 36 boys) aged from 7 to 9 participated in the research. The subject of the research is the contents and emotional predictors of elementary school students' preceptions of their and others' ethnic groups. Ethnic groups they represented included Russian, Belorussian and Ukrainian. Emotional predictors included affective components of ethnic identity of elementary school students as well as their level of satisfaction with different sides of their own life. Empirical data were collected through survey (interviewing) of elementary school students. Each respondent was interviewed individually. The authors of the article analyze data obtained using the modified method of studing racial and ethnic attitudes offered by Doyle and Aboud (adapted by N. Sheskina for Russian elementary school students), modified method of diagnosing the level of social frustration by L. Wasserman and analyzing responses of children to the questions aimed at defining the affective component of their ethnic identity. These data were processed by using Statistica 7.0 program, methods of descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U-test, Fisher's angular transformation (φ*-criterion), regression analysis (Forward stepwise method). As a result of the empirical research, the majority of elementary school students demonstrate a positive ethnic affective identification and differentiation and tendency to be more positive about their own ethnic group compared to others. The author registered a high subjective importance of ethnicity for elementary school students disregarding their positive or negative affective attitude towards members of their ethnic group. The authors discover that the emotional predictor of how elementary school students preceive their or others' ethnic groups is their subjective sense of well-being in the spheres related to a child's school life and his or her success. The factor that is especially important in the formation of a positive attitude to their and others' ethnic groups is the level of satisfaction of elementary school students with the relations they have with their classmates. The results of the research underline the important role of the elementary school age in the process of ethnic identity formation and draw our attention to targets of ethnic intolerance prevention and correction of children's ethnic perceptions. The results also prove a close connection between child's subjective sense of well-benig and his or her attitude towards their and others' ethnic groups.
Keywords: personal satisfaction, subjective well-being, emotional predictors, elementary school age, components of ethnic identity, ethnic differentiation, ethnic identification, ethnic groups, ethnic perceptions, ethnic identity
References:
Seredkina N.N. Teoreticheskaya model' pozitivnoy etnicheskoy identichnosti i mekhanizmy ee formirovaniya // Sotsiodinamika. 2016. № 2. C. 37-46. DOI: 10.7256/2409-7144.2016.2.17690. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pr/article_17690.html
Janoff-Bulman R. Shattered assumptions: Toward a new psychology of traum [Text] / R. Janoff-Bulman. New York: Free Press, 1992.
Padun M.A. Osobennosti bazisnykh ubezhdeniy u lits, perezhivshikh travmaticheskiy stress: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. M., 2003. 159 s.
Fetiskin N.P., Kozlov V.V., Manuylov G.M. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya diagnostika razvitiya lichnosti i malykh grupp. M.: Izd-vo Instituta Psikhoterapii, 2002. 490 s.
Razvitie natsional'noy etnolingvisticheskoy i religioznoy identichnosti u detey i podrostkov / Otv. red. M. Barret, T. Ryazanova, M. Volovikova. M., 2001. S. 87.
Soldatova G.U. Psikhologiya mezhetnicheskikh otnosheniy v situatsii sotsial'noy nestabil'nosti: dis. ... d-ra psikhol. nauk. M., 2001. 431 s.
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Reference:
Proshkina V.A., Khoroshikh P.P., Sergievich A.A., Lekhanova F.M..
Gender Stereotypes and Gender Identity of Youth of the North: Comparative Analysis
// Psychologist. – 2016. – № 5.
– P. 7-11.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.5.20379.
DOI: 10.7256/2409-8701.2016.5.20379
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Abstract: The article deals with one of the most pressing issues of modern gender psychology - the changing gender identity of the youth. The authors of the article present the results of the study on the gender identity of modern youth from the Northern areas of the Far Eastern district of the Russian Federation and adherence to gender stereotypes as well as the comparative analysis of the relationship between personality traits and a proposed gender-based portrait of the same gender person. The research is based on the model offered by S. Bam. The results of the research have shown that there is a shift in gender roles of today's youth. In the portrait of modern females the girls indicate masculine traits. This indicates the formation of a new strategy of women's behaviour in Russian society - the equation with men in psychological terms. Men along with masculinity traits also indicate femininity traits which indicates the decline in their level of internal aggression. Thus, the shift of gender roles occurs in both gender directions. It is also worth noting that a certain class of people with an androgynous behavioural style has been defined by the authors which indicates a "transitional" stage in the shift of gender attitudes. The concentration of more than half of the respondents in the field of androgyny opens new perspectives for further research in this area of scientific knowledge
Keywords: masculinity, femininity, androgyny, gender identity, gender stereotypes, gender typing, gender, North, ethnos, traditional culture
References:
Unger R. Nesovershenstvo sovremennogo myshleniya: Psikhologiya stroitel'stva pola. – N'yu-Kheyven, L.: Izdatel'stvo Yel'skogo universiteta, 2000. 370 s.
Ryabova T. B. Stereotipy i stereotipizatsiya kak problema gendernykh issledovaniy // Lichnost'. Kul'tura. Obshchestvo. 2013. T. V. Vyp. 1-2 (15-16). S. 120-125.
Kletsina I. S. Gendernaya psikhologiya i napravleniya ee razvitiya. SPb. : INFO, 2003. 471 s.
Zav'yalova N. I., Ryabkov D. A. Nekotorye problemy konstruirovaniya gendernoy stratifikatsii rossiyskogo obshchestva // Sbornik nauchnykh trudov NGTU. 2004. №4 (38). S. 109-114.
Dzheys F. L. Samoispolnyayushchiesya prorochestva: gender s sotsial'no-psikhologicheskoy tochki zreniya. — SPb. : Piter, 2001. 161 s.
Burn S.M. Women Across Cultures: A Global Perspective (1st ed.). New York : McGraw-Hill, 2000. 251 pp.