Abstract: Analysis of scientific publications shows that, at the moment, there is an insufficient number of published systematic studies that study the digital transformation of the processes of interaction between airports and airlines. The digital transformation of these processes, for example, ground-based services, has the potential to make better use of resources and improve customer experience. The aim of the study is to review the main areas of research, methods and applications focused on the digital transformation of the processes of interaction between airports and airlines. The main point of interaction between airports and airlines in this article is the ground handling service. The research methodology includes the following steps: constructing a working definition of the term digital transformation in the context of the interaction of airports and airlines, reviewing the value chain of ground service processes, reviewing reference materials that examine the processes of interaction between airlines and airports, highlighting the paths of digital transformation in accordance with their business processes within the value chain. The study of the digital transformation of the processes of interaction between airports and airlines contains, in my opinion, a number of research problems, namely:• the contradiction of the concepts of digital transformation in the context of the aviation industry;• lack of a resource containing a comprehensive overview of the main areas of research, methods and applications focused on the digital transformation of the interaction processes between airlines and airports;The results of the study are the key points highlighted by the authors and the proposed recommendations for future research in the framework of building models and methods for digital transformation of the interaction processes of business ecosystems of airports and airlines.

Keywords: business processes, digitalization, business ecosystem, digital technologies, digital transformation, airports, airlines, digital space, ground handling service, digital transformation paths

References:
Grefen, P.: Beyond E-Business Towards networked structures. Routledge, New York (2016).
Shehab, E.M., Sharp, M.W., Supramaniam, L., Spedding, T.A.: Enterprise Resource Planning-An Integrative Review. Business Process Management Journal 10(4), 359–386 (2004). doi:10.1108/14637150410548056).
Samaranayake, P.: Business Process Integration, Automation, and Optimization in ERP: Integrated Approach Using Enhanced Process Models. Business Process Management Journal 15(4), 504–526 (2009). doi:10.1108/14637150910975516.
Zinder, E.Z.: Values-directed enterprise engineering. Business Informatics 3 (45), pp. 7-19 (2018).
Westerman, G., Calm´ejane, C., Bonnet, D., Ferraris, P., McAfee, A.: Digital Transformation: A Road-Map for Billion-Dollar Organizations. MIT Center for Digital Business and Capgemini Consulting, 1–68 (2011).
Kalachikhin, P., Telnov, Yu.: Formation of value chains in network structures of interaction based on intellectual technologies . In: Sixteenth national conference on artifici

Abstract: The subject of the research is ontological modeling of concepts (concepts) that are of fuzzy significance, the uncontrolled use of which usually leads to problems with the success of the development of systems that use software intensively (Software Intensive Systems, SIS). The object of the study is the reification of SIS quality characteristics that relate to typical concepts of this type. Particular attention is paid to the requirements of those persons of the project environment (stakeholders), whose diverse interests usually add uncertainty to the requirements for the developed SIS, but must be taken into account in the project without fail. The paper proposes a coordinated application of architectural modeling methods and fuzzy logic for evaluating quality characteristics, which should be computable and controlled during the design process. The novelty of the study is determined by the inclusion in the structure and content of concepts with a fuzzy value of new components that register the dynamics of their formation during the design of a certain SIS so that for each of these concepts the current value of its content allows you to control the achieved value of the degree (level) of professional maturity of the concept. New components are the expansion of the attributes of the concept and the operational computational connection of attributes with the normative work flows, the groups of which are consistent with the levels of professional maturity of the conceptualization of the concepts in the project.

Keywords: membership function, conceptual space, requirements analysis, software intensive systems, fuzzy logic, project ontology, computer-aided design, applied ontologies, maturity model, estimated value

References:
Alashqar A.M., El-Bakry H.M., Abo Elfetouh A. A Framework for Selecting Architectural Tactics Using Fuzzy Measures // International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering. – 2015. – Vol. 27. – P. 475–498.
Eden A.H., Turner R. Problems in the Ontology of Computer Programs // Applied Ontology. – Amsterdam, IOS Press, 2007. – Vol. 2. – P. 13-36.
Bhat M., Shumaiev K., Biesdorf A., Hohenstein U., Hassel M., Matthes F. An Ontology-based Approach for Software Architecture Recommendations // 23rd Americas Conference on Information Systems. – AMCIS. – 2017. – Vol. 4. – P. 3110-3120.
Fitsilis P., Gerogiannis V., Anthopoulos L. Ontologies for Software Project Management // A Review, Journal of Software Engineering and Applications. – 2014. – Vol. 713. – P. 1096-1110.
Garcia A.C.B., Kunz J., Ekstrom M. Kiviniemi A. Building a Project Ontology with Extreme Collaboration and Virtual Design & Construction // CIFE Technical Report #152. – Stanford University, 2003.
Hasselbring W. Software Ar

Abstract: In this paper, a team of authors examined issues aimed at the use of computer-aided design (CAD) systems for solving problems associated with the choice of the optimal parameters of artificial lighting systems. The object of research is the process of designing lighting systems. As a subject of study, the development of conceptual approaches to the formalization and automation of the processes that determine the choice of radiation parameters in rooms is determined. In particular, issues related to determining the relationship of approaches to the design of lighting parameters for traditional lighting systems and lighting systems with controlled radiation parameters are considered. The subject of the research is to determine the mechanisms for optimizing the parameters of the lighting system based on traditional criteria of the light environment and the criteria associated with the impact on human circadian rhythms, the formalization of development processes and the results of the design of lighting modes in an automated mode. The results of the study are a conceptual description of the method for automating the design of lighting modes for systems with controlled radiation parameters, as well as a preliminary presentation of the format of the output of the design results, which in the future ensures the availability of the output of the design results in both the traditional print form and the form prepared for broadcast in software code based on the respective programming interfaces of the lighting devices.

Keywords: criteria, optimization, emission spectrum, automation, artificial lighting, design, CAD, methodology, mode of operation, problems

References:
Ul'yanov R.S. Shikolenko I.A., Velichkin V.A., Zav'yalov V.A. Primenenie metodov optimizatsii i mashinnogo obucheniya pri avtomatizirovannom proektirovanii rezhimov raboty sistem upravlyaemogo svetodiodnogo osveshcheniya. // Kibernetika i programmirovanie. 2017. ¹ 5. S. 110–122.
Zargaryan E. V. Mnogokriterial'naya zadacha nechetkoy maksimizatsii nezavisimykh kriteriev // Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki. 2009. ¹5. S. 117–121.
Mustafin N. Sh., Baryshnikov A. A., Spryzhkov A. M. Analiz vozmozhnosti vnedreniya v stroitel'stvo tekhnologii informatsionnogo modelirovaniya zdaniy programmami vida “BIM” // Regional'noe razvitie. 2015. ¹8 (12). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/analiz-vozmozhnosti-vnedreniya-v-stroitelstvo-tehnologii-informatsionnogo-modelirovaniya-zdaniy-programmami-vida-bim (data obrashcheniya: 18.08.2018).
Ul'yanov R.S. Shikolenko I.A., Velichkin V.A., Zav'yalov V.A. Perspektivy primeneniya SAPR NanoCAD kak elementa kontseptsii sovershenstvovaniya proektirovaniya osveshcheniya na razlichnykh etapakh zhiznennogo tsikla. // Estestvennye

Abstract: In his research Yulianov examines issues related to improving the process of designing lighting systems, in particular, moving from manually operated methods of design decision making to CAD automation of the process. The object of the research is the process of designing lighting systems. The subject of the research is the development of criteria and methods that can improve the lighting system design taking into account available technologies that are based on the dynamic change of the spectra. In particular, the author examines verification of design results by carrying out an on-site inspection of a facility using dedicated means. The author defines criteria of light environment that are subject to verification within the aforesaid process based on the systems analysis of existing and perspective concepts of lighting systems with spectral control. The result of the research is the conceptual description of lighting system verification methods based on the criteria offered by the author for evaluation the light environment. In prospect, these criteria will be available for lighting systems with spectral control. These methods can be used at certain stages of a service life of a facility considering that the iterative approach to lighting systems design has been undertaken. 

Keywords: verification, mode of operation, technique, criteria, optimization, emission spectrum, automation, artificial lighting, design, CAD

References:
Fink A. V. Issledovanie vliyaniya urovnya osveshchennosti na chuv-stvitel'nost' setchatki glaz i vremya zritel'no-motornoy reaktsii // Izvestiya AltGU. 2009. ¹3. S.30-32
Statskaya S. Yu. Kompleksnaya otsenka effektivnosti tsvetoimpul'snoy terapii u patsientov s gipertonicheskoy bolezn'yu v sanatornykh usloviyakh // PM. 2011. ¹54. S.135-138
Kozhukhar Aleksandr Teofanovich, Zazulyak Andrey Mikhaylovich, Barilo G. I., Ivanyuk Kh. B., Shufan M. M. Elektronnye sistemy dlya svetolecheniya otozabolevaniy // Biomeditsinskaya inzheneriya i elektronika. 2012. ¹2 (2). S.12-16
Gall and Bieske, “Definition and measurement of circadian radiometric quantities,” in proceedings of the CIE Symposium 2004 on Light and Health: Non-Visual Effects, Vienna, Austria, 2004, pp. 129–132
Kaptsov V.A., Deynego V.N. Riski vliyaniya sveta svetodiodnykh paneley na sostoyanie zdorov'ya operatora // Analiz riska zdorov'yu. 2014. ¹4. S.37-46
Kaptsov V. A., Sosunov N. N., Shishchenko I. I., Viktorov V. S., i dr. Funktsional'noe sostoyanie zritel'nogo analizatora pri ispol'zovanii

Abstract: The subject of this research is the increase in the level of engineering design automation of CAD systems. The object of the research is gearings in mechanic engineering. The rationale of the research is caused by the need to make integrated solutions aimed at reducing the volume of work and time when modelling gearings in mechanic engineering and thus increasing efficiency of engineering design productivity. The author of the article focuses on difficult issues that can be faced in the process of modelling gearing profiles. In this research Pogrebnyak gives a description of the overall methods of parametric modeling in the process of desinging gearings in mechanic engineering. The author presents his method as a stage-by-stage sequence of actions consisting of six stages. The main result of the research is the method of parametric modelling of gearings using the direct programming method in the T-FLEX CAD 3D environment which allows to raise productivity of modelling, reduce time and efforts and increase the quality of design of gearings in mechanic engineering. 

Keywords: variable, mechanical engineering, parametric modeling, gearings, parameterization, computer-aided design, sketch, point, profile, circle

References:
GOST 1139-80 Mezhgosudarstvennyy standart, «Osnovnye normy vzaimozamenyaemosti. Soedineniya shlitsevye pryamobochnye. Razmery i dopuski», IPK izdatel'stvo standartov,-g. Moskva.
Pogrebnyak G.E., Razrabotka metodiki parametricheskogo modelirovaniya zubchatykh peredach i zatsepleniy v izdeliyakh mashinostroeniya v srede «T-FLEX CAD 3D» s tsel'yu povysheniya effektivnosti inzhenernogo proektirovaniya, VII-aya vserossiyskaya (s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem) zaochnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya «Aktual'nye voprosy sovremennoy informatiki». g. Kolomna, 2017, s. 139-145.
Pogrebnyak G.E., Primenenie parametricheskogo modelirovaniya pri proektirovanii zubchatykh peredach i zatsepleniy v izdeliyakh mashinostroeniya, III mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya «Razvitie tekhnicheskikh nauk v sovremennom mire». – g. Voronezh, 2016, s. 7-9. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=28426101
Pogrebnyak G.E., Belov V.V., Razrabotka metodov modelirovaniya i proektirovaniya zubchatykh soedineniy izdeliy mashinostroeniya v srede "T-FLEX CAD 3D", Vtoraya mezhdunarodnaya nauch

Abstract: The article presents the analysis of systems of designing of printed-circuit boards with the purpose of orientation of revealing of the best system for its use as base for the organization of designing of boards of electronic devices with use of Internet technologies. The authors proposes to use the TopoR topology system as a variant of the cloud version of the design system. For the optimal organization of information support for topological CAD, the files created during the design process are divided into different groups depending on the project being developed, the project operations performed, on the duration of their storage, etc. The choice of the system is based on an assessment of its subjective and objective quality of routing printed circuit boards. As a result of the analysis of the project operations of the system and the need to save the project files for their further use, the corresponding file types that define the design information base were determined. To build a database of project solutions (DBPS) in the cloud, the aturhos proposes to use a combined data storage approach. A semantic data model is given, and the universal DBMS Microsoft SQL 2012 was chosen as the environment for the implementation of the DB_Project. To administer and provide access to the DBPS, a management application DB_Project_Manager was developed in the MS Visual Studio environment in C #. On client machines, access to the DBPS is provided by using VMware vSphere Client 5.5.Testing of information support for the cloud version of the CAD "TopoR" showed the possibility of organizing teamwork on projects within the corporate cloud based on database technologies.

Keywords: project operations, cloud computing, CAD “TopoR”, semantic data model, informational support, topological PCB, PCB, CAD, project files, database projects

References:
Voeykov D. Tendentsii na rynke IT glazami SAPR-kompanii //PC Week – RE ¹16 (766), 2011, s. 71-72 .
Savitskaya E. DEXMA-PLM iz oblaka/ SAPR i grafika ¹9, 2013, s. 25-29.
Modeli i algoritmy avtomatizirovannogo proektirovaniya radioelektronnoy apparatury / Luzin S.Yu., Lyachek Yu.T., Pet-rosyan G.S., Polubasov O.B. SPb: BKhV-Peterburg, 2010. – 224 S.
Satton M. Korporativnyy dokumentooborot. Printsipy tekhnologii, metodologiya vnedreniya. Per. s angl. SPb.: Azbuka, 2002.-416 s.
Laristov A.I., Lyachek Yu.T., Musaid Abdulfattakh Mokhammed Obadi. Ispol'zovanie INTERNET tekhnologiy dlya organizatsii raboty s sistemoy proektirovaniya “Topological Router” // Sb. dokladov na XVIII Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya po myagkim vychisleniyam i izmereniyam (SCM'2015), SPb. Izd-vo SPbGETU, 2015. , t.2, s 98-102.
Korobeynikov A.G., Grishentsev A.Yu. Uvelichenie skorosti skhodimosti metoda konechnykh raznostey na osnove ispol'zovaniya promezhutochnogo resheniya // Kibernetika i programmirovanie. - 2012. - 2. - C. 38 - 46. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/kp/ar

Abstract: The authors of the article examine issues related to increasing efficiency of computer-assisted design of lighting, in particular, transferring from design decision-making methods in the process of selecting lighting modes with the manageable spectrum based on the expert evaluation towards man-computer approaches. The authors of the given research apply the aforesaid approaches to one of the basic qualitative property of light emission, in particular, spectral radiant intensity. The authors describe methods for selecting optimal properties of artificial light sources as well as methods of their automated classification. In the process of their research the authors analyze methods of computer-aded analysis and optimization of the target function of the lighting spectral distribution based on application of widely used specialized programming language libraries Python. As a result of the research, the authors offer a conceptual description of two solutions that can be used in a complex process of manageable LED lighting operations design. The first solution allows to optimize the process of selecting the LED-based lamp RGB component emission power in case of approximation of the spectral distribution target function to the emission source. The second solution offers an automated classification of lighting sources depending on their spectral properties in order to prepare initial data for desinging or operating lighting systems. In conclusion, the authors analyze how these two solutions can be used in their combination within the framework of the systems approach and make suggestions about how these solutions can be developed further. 

Keywords: identity, operation, LED, classification, machine learning, optimization, emission spectrum, artificial lighting, designing, CAD

References:
Sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestClassifier [Elektronnyy resurs]. / Scikit-learn developers.-2017. URL: http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestClassifier.html (data obrashcheniya: 18.08.2017).
Velichkin V.A. Zav'yalov V.A., Ul'yanov R.S., Shikolenko I.A. Kontseptsiya intellektual'nogo modul'nogo PAK dlya generatsii programmy upravleniya reguliruemymi sistemami osveshcheniya. / V, i dr. // Estestvennye i tekhnicheskie nauki. — 2017. – ¹ 6. — S. 141–143.
Belonozhko P. P., Belous V. V., Karpenko A. P., Khramov D. A. Instrumental'nye sredstva dlya avtomatizirovannoy kolichestvennoy otsenki metakompetentsiy uchashchikhsya. Obzor // NAUKA i OBRAZOVANIE-2016.-¹ 6.-S. 9-42. 13.
The Scipy community. Optimization (scipy.optimize) [Elektronnyy resurs]. / The Scipy community. — 2017. URL: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/tutorial/optimize.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.08.2017).
Nikiforov Sergey Fizicheskie aspekty vospriyatiya poluprovodnikovogo sveta chelovecheskim glazom // Komponenty i Tekhnologii. 2008

Abstract: This article is devoted to the the methods used in the theory of Ñomputer-Assisted Design. Development of a theoretical framework of technologies of the automated designing is an important scientific problem. One of directions employed to solve this problem is its reduction to a single universal formalism used for describing a variety of technologies, which will be appropriate for the design of complex heterogeneous systems for integration and coordination of these technologies. The solution to this problem depends on the choice of the mathematical apparatus. In this article the author proposes creation of the computer-aided design methods using mathematical category theory. The author then discusses methods for the formation of a mathematical apparatus for CAD based on the mathematical category theory in order to establish mathematical models and the correlations between them at different levels of abstraction. It is shown that the formulation of regularities in the mapping from conceptual view the conceptual view of the subject objectives the basic reasons are: a consistent mathematical apparatus of formation models;  an uniform structure of the regularities of formation models; existence of the laws of cyclicality. Pattern display models of conceptual representation in the model conceptual representation of the subject is the identity in the application of functional abstractions for dynamic and static components during the process of formation (establishment) of the relations between them and the identity of the models on the same level of abstraction with the same view.

Keywords: Computer-Aided Design, CAD, conceptual modeling, infological modeling, datalogical modeling, mathematical model, mathematical category theory, functor, Relational algebra, abstract levels

References:
Gur'yanov A.V., Korobeynikov A.G., Fedosovskiy M.E., Shukalov A.V., Zharinov I.O. Avtomatizatsiya proektirovaniya slozhnykh tekhnicheskikh kompleksov na osnove teorii kategoriy//Voprosy oboronnoy tekhniki. Seriya 16: Tekhnicheskie sredstva protivodeystviya terrorizmu-2017.-¹ 3-4.-S. 9-16.
Korobeynikov A. G., Fedosovsky M. E., Gurjanov A. V., Zharinov I. O., Shukalov A. V. Development of Conceptual Modeling Method to Solve the Tasks of Computer-Aided Design of Difficult Technical Complexes on the Basis of Category Theory//International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 12, Number 6 (2017) pp. 1114-1122. http://www.ripublication.com/ijaer17/ijaerv12n6_46.pdf
Grishentsev A.Yu., Gur'yanov A.V., Tushkanov E.V., Shukalov A.V., Korobeynikov A.G. Virtualizatsiya i programmnoe obespechenie v sistemakh avtomatizirovannogo proektirovaniya: Uchebnoe posobie, SPb: Universitet ITMO, 2017. – 60 s.
Grishentsev A.Yu., Gur'yanov A.V., Kuznetsova O.V., Shukalov A.V., Korobeynikov A.G. Matematicheskoe obespechenie v sistemakh av

Abstract: The object of study involves the method for assessing the quality of technical interoperability means in the open information systems in accordance with the model of interoperability under the GOST R 55062-2012. The author proposes a method for calculating the estimated characteristics of technical interoperability based upon the evaluation of detection and transformation of data formats by nodes of an open information system. As an example the article includes  practical assessments of technical interoperability based upon  the criteria for detecting and converting formats, and some software packages for processing graphic images. It is noted in the article that if there is need to observe the evolution of the interoperability of the information system, it is then necessary to preserve the methodological basis for the formation of the initial parameters. The proposed estimation method is based upon the laws of information theory and it is determined by a formal model allowing to calculate the particular and general information entropy characterizing the technical interoperability as the ability of the information system under investigation to detect data in various formats and the ability of the information system under investigation to produce correct data transformations in various formats. The main result of the research is the developed method of estimating technical interoperability that allows to make a numerical estimation of the properties of technical interoperability allowing for the format detection and transformation. The practical result of the study is that it enables the numerical evaluation of interoperability, allowing one to monitor the dynamics of interoperability of various systems under conditions of interaction with a continuously changing inter-system information space.

Keywords: interoperability, open information systems, information entropy, data conversion, interoperability assessment model, numerical estimation of interoperability, levels of interoperability, format detection, convert formats, MATLAB

References:
Ango A. Matematika dlya elektro-i radioinzhenerov // M.: Nauka, 1967. – 780 s.: il.
European Interoperability Framework for Pan-European E-government Services. Draft for Public Comments – As Basis for EIF 2.0-15/07/2008.
Seligman L., Rosenthal A. A Framework for Information Interoperability // The Edge Mitre's Advanced Technology Newsletter. – 8(1). – 2004. – p.p 3-4.
Bezdushnyy A. A., Nesterenko A. K., Sysoev T. M. i dr. Vozmozhnosti tekhnologiy ISIR v podderzhke Edinogo Nauchnogo Informatsionnogo Prostranstva RAN. //Rossiyskiy nauchnyy elektronnyy zhurnal. Elektronnye biblioteki. – 2004. – t.7. – vyp.6.
Grishentsev A.Yu., Korobeynikov A.G. Metody i modeli tsifrovoy obrabotki izobrazheniy. – SPb. : Izd.-vo Politekhn. un-ta, 2014. – 190 s.
Grishentsev A. Yu. Effektivnoe szhatie izobrazheniy na baze differentsial'nogo analiza//Zhurnal radioelektroniki. 2012. ¹ 11. S. 10. URL: http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/nov12/1/text.html
Grishentsev A. Yu., Korobeynikov A. G. Ponizhenie razmernosti prostranstva pri korrelyatsii i svertke ts

Abstract: There is currently a functional expansion within the ADS systems (automatic design systgems), allowing for the implementation of new capabilities. One of such solutions allows for the forecasting in the sphere of engineering networks, including thermal ones. The object of study is the Automatic Design System for the Engineering Networks ( ADS EN), which is based upon the intellectual components for the automatised systems. Intellectual components within the ADS are implemented via programming modules involving fuzzy logic, and they are orientated towards the use of the frame architecture databases. Functional capabilities are aimed at modeling the processes within the engineering networks, achievement of efficient energy consumption, detecting trouble zones, showing irrational arrangement of the heating units. These goals are key goals and they require primary attention, however while studying ADS EN, there turned out the need for inclusion of the screen forms achieving a number of secondary goals. These secondary features of the ADS EN include provision of the entire range of advise on the protective contour, forecasting based on situation modeling of the contour condition considering the external influences and passage of time, etc.

Keywords: inference rules, frames, intellectual components, protective contour, heat exchange, forecasting, modeling, database, engineering networks, ADS EN

References:
Fridman O.V., Fridman A.Ya. Situatsionnoe modelirovanie slozhnykh prirodno-tekhnicheskikh ob'ektov // Vestnik Kol'skogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN. 2013. ¹ 3. S. 69-77.
Chmyr' I.A. Printsip organizatsii intellektual'noy SAPR na osnove dialogovoy bazy znaniy // Matematicheskie mashiny i sistemy. 2015. ¹ 3. S. 29-37.
Sorokin O.L., Sidorkina I.G. Analiz predstavleniya pol'zovatel'skoy informatsii v pribore «terem-4» dlya izmeritelya temperatury ograzhdayushchikh konstruktsiy // Kibernetika i programmirovanie. 2015. ¹ 5. S. 193-198.. URL: http://e-notabene.ru/kp/article_16950.html

Abstract: Automated schematic design of analogous electronic devices is associated with certain difficulties created by the high degree of their parameters inhomogenuity. At the present time it is impossible to carry out a full automation of designing analogous microelectronic devices, i.e. their engineering without human participation, especially in the process of solving tasks of structural synthesis. However, tasks of structural and parametric synthesis can be successfully solved by the maximum use of the engineer's competence and conduction of a close dialog interaction between the engineer and computer. This is in many ways conditioned by a wide range of analytical programs installed in modern CAD of electronic equipment. In their article the authors provide a review of opportunities of the NI ELVIS system for experimental research of analogous electronic devices. They also view the joint application of the Multisim and NI ELVIS systems to the process of engineering analogous electronic devices. Combination of Multisim and NI ELVIS systems in the process of a course engineering of analogous electronic devices allow students to get the best idea of working conditions at today's engineering organizations and, in particular, to minimize the load of manual calculations. Students perform the following circuit engineering procedures: selection of the scheme for an analogous electronic device; 'quick look' calculation; modeling of the chosen scheme by using the Multisim software; experimental research of a device by using the NI ELVIS system. 

Keywords: operational amplifiers, computer simulation, teaching, practical work, analog circuit design, NI ELVIS, LabVIEW, Multisim, comptuter aided design, analog electronic devices

References:
Mikhalkov V.A., Sokolov Yu.M. Primenenie sistem NI ELVIS i Multisim dlya povysheniya interaktivnosti uchebnogo protsessa po distsipline «Skhemotekhnika». Materialy KhKhI mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-metodicheskoy konferentsii «Sovremennoe obrazovanie: soderzhanie, tekhnologii, kachestvo». SPb.: Izd-vo SPbGETU «LETI», 2015. S. 121-123.
Eksperimental'noe issledovanie analogovykh elektronnykh ustroystv na baze NI ELVIS: Metodicheskie ukazaniya k laboratornym rabotam po distsipline «Skhemotekhnika» / Sost. K.G. Zhukov, A.I. Laristov, V.A. Mikhalkov, Yu.M. Sokolov. SPb.: Izd-vo SPbGETU «LETI», 2009. 32 c.
Eksperimental'noe issledovanie ustoychivosti elektronnykh ustroystv v sisteme NI ELVIS: Metodicheskie ukazaniya k laboratornym rabotam po distsipline «Skhemotekhnika» / Sost. I.V. Gerasimov, K.G. Zhukov, A.I. Laristov, V.A. Mikhalkov, Yu.M. Sokolov. SPb.: Izd-vo SPbGETU «LETI», 2012. 32 c.

Abstract: For companies involved in the design and manufacture of a wide class of avionics products (from removable functional modules to navigation systems) ensuring the reliability and quality of products in general are an integral part of the working process. Despite the wide range of software solutions offered, some questions of automation of work to ensure the reliability remain unsolved. One of the components proposed for Automation is the information support of decision-making on the development of measures to improve the reliability. The system is based on the results of analysis enhance reliability by efficiently developed earlier actions, that will determine the direction of the newly developed measures to address the causes of failures. To solve the problem the authors carried out an analysis of the information and analytical activities of the units involved in the design, manufacture and far warranty and post-warranty maintenance of avionics products. The developed model of information support is a database of necessary and sufficient for the timely execution of work on the reliability in the proper form in compliance with the requirements of standards. The implementation of the proposed automated information system of support based on the reliability of the avionics product design, and evaluation of statistical data on the results of the operation will reduce the turnaround time for the reliability and improve the quality of the designed and manufactured products.

Keywords: production, processing statistical data, test, design, infallibility, reliability, quality, database, automation, Information system

References:
Kuznetsova O. A., Gatchin Yu. A., Lobov V. V. Otsenka nadezhnosti strukturno izbytochnykh izdeliy pri proektirovanii slozhnykh tekhnicheskikh sistem // Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy Vestnik SPbGU ITMO, 2009. ¹ 1. S. 44.
Zhadnov V. V., Sarafanov A. V. Upravlenie kachestvom pri proektirovanii teplonagruzhennykh radioelektronnykh sredstv. M.: Solon-Press, 2012. S. 464.
Yurkov N. K., Zatylkin A. V., Polesskiy S. N., Ivanov I. A., Lysenko A. V. Osnovy teorii nadezhnosti elektronnykh sredstv. Penza, Izdatel'stvo PGU, 2012. S 32.
Kozlov B. A., Ushakov I.A. Spravochnik po raschetu nadezhnosti apparaturyradioelektroniki. M., Sovetskoe radio, 1975. S. 98.
Kuznetsova O. A., Gatchin Yu. A., Lobov V. V. Informatsionnoe soprovozhdenie ekspluatatsii po tekhnicheskomu sostoyaniyu izdeliy avioniki // Sb. materialov Vseros. nauch.-prakt. konf. s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. Yoshkar-Ola, Mariyskiy gos. tekhn. un-t, 2009. Ch. 2. S. 143.
Polovko A. M. Osnovy teorii nadezhnosti. M.: Nauka, 1964. S. 87.
Korobeynikov A. G., Tkalich V. L., Labkovskaya R. Ya., Pirozhnikova O

Abstract: The research is focused on methods for creating parametric models of geometric objects used in modern CAD, which provide an effective modification of the descriptions of the objects of design. The authors select three approaches to creating parametric models: preliminary, parallel and subsequent parameterization. The paper describes the application of models of each type, its characteristics ad means by which they are formed. The authors note that preliminary or software models are used for the formation of the simple design of objects and drawings of design elements. Parallel methods of formation are the most common when creating graphic images of flat and three-dimensional objects of arbitrary configuration. Subsequent parameterization is used to generate parametric models of previously created design drawings. To create the latter type of models an automatic generation of basic key elements of the image grid is used. The elements adaptively change depending on the size designations assigned new values used in the original description of the drawing. As a method of study the authors use comparative analysis of different parameterization systems, allowing to identify the main approaches used in them in the formation of various types of parametric models of graphic objects. The novelty of the approach proposed by the authors of modern parametric classification systems is in the ordering of the various areas of parameterization as well as methods and means used to create a variety of parametric models depending on the time of its creation and the relation of building the corresponding image. Under this approach, it is easily to view and compare all kinds of CAD, regardless of the specific approaches and tools for creating geometric models used in these systems.

Keywords: parameterization, model, drawing, grid, building parametric models, software macros, parallel parameterization, subsequent parameterization, basic drawing grid, adaptive model mesh

References:
Parametric modeling. A Glossary of terms. URL: http: www.niac.ru/graphinfo.nsf
Al-Shaikh Hasan, Lyachek Yu. T. Parametric design drafts // IUS, 2010. ¹ 1. P. 18-24.
Lyachek Yu.T., Chekanova S.I., Abdulkader B.A. Creation of parametric models of design drawings based on their adapive backbone network // Software systems and computation methods ¹ 2(3)’ 2013 M.: “Nota Bene”, s.181-191, DOI: 10.7256/2305-6061.2013.2.7470.
Lyachek Yu.T., Nakhimovskiy Y.A., Pavlov S. N. The analytical-synthetically method building parametrics models of draught // 5th Internatijnal Conference of Computer Graphics and Visualisation in Russia. St/ Petersburg, July 3-7 1995. GRAPHICON’95. Proceedings, v.1, PP. 71-78
Korobeynikov A.G., Aleksanin S.A. Metody avtomatizirovannoy obrabotki izobrazheniy pri reshenii zadachi magnitnoy defektoskopii // Kibernetika i programmirovanie. - 2015. - 4. - C. 49 - 61. DOI: 10.7256/2306-4196.2015.4.16320. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/kp/article_16320.html
Borodin A.V., Azarova A.N. Metod

Abstract: The article proposes an algorithm for constructing the trajectory of motion of a mobile robot using quality assessment studies of various regions of space configuration (GIRRT). The described algorithm is based on the RRT algorithm and can significantly increase the effectiveness of the latter to meet the challenges in the search for ways of spaces containing a large number of narrow passages. The quality of research space configurations at a particular point in this paper refers to a numerical measure of the likelihood of building a successful trajectory connecting RRT tree and this configuration. A comparison of the proposed GIRRT algorithm and the classical RRT algorithm is given. A series of simulation way-finding experiments was held. While solving the task of finding ways in area with few obstacles, the GIRRT algorithm shows performance close to that of the RRT algorithm. In turn, when finding a way to the loosely coupled spaces (the space where there are areas for which the number of reachable configurations do not belong to the region itself, is small), the GIRRT algorithm demonstrates significantly better performance.

Keywords: mobile robots, planning movements, RRT, path finding, space of configurations, quality study, Motion Planning, Narrow Passages, robotics, algorithms

References:
Jaillet L. Dynamic-Domain RRTs: Efficient Exploration by Controlling the Sampling Domain / Jaillet L., LaValle S.M., Simeon T., Yershove A. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://msl.cs.uiuc.edu/~lavalle/papers/YerJaiSimLav05.pdf
Bruce J., Veloso M. Real-Time Randomized Path Planning for Robot Navigation [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~15780/readings/02iros-errt.pdf
Kamaev V.A. Printsipy ustroystva konteynerov dlya postroeniya gibkikh programmnykh sistem / Kamaev V.A., Kosterin V.V., Prygunkov M.O.// Izvestiya Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta, 2007. – ¹ 1. – S. 71-73.
N.P. Vashkevich, V.N. Dubinin Voprosy razrabotki
operatsionnoy semantiki
funktsional'nykh blokov IEC 61499 // Programmnye sistemy i vychislitel'nye metody. - 2012. - 1. - C. 10 - 16.
Gorokhov A.V. Formal'nyy sintez struktury imitatsionnoy modeli (na primere sinteza sistemno-dinamicheskikh modeley) // Programmnye sistemy i vychislitel'nye metody. - 2013. - 3. - C. 277 - 284. DOI: 10.72

Abstract: The article is devoted to the principles of the development and application of computer-aided design (CAD) in the area of systems, networks and telecommunications devices. Particular attention is paid to the need for specialized computer-aided design, specifically designed for exact types of systems and telecommunication networks. At that time, conventional technology, with a large audience in the face of the whole community of Internet users, with the technological capacity of the equipment allows to direct all scientific and technical resources for the development of these technologies and software, the telecommunication architecture of networks require a separate research and development. The author proposes the use of CAD software for layout networks justifies this decision, tests methodology for the development of such CAD and draws a conclusions about the effectiveness of such a decision. In the study, the author uses the methods of mathematical modeling, theory of sets and graphs, methods of software design and system programming. In order to confirm the results of the study the author uses an experiment. Scientific novelty lies in the fact that the area of niche networks undeservedly ignored in the scientific literature, and not sufficiently represented in scientific publications, being the prerogative of engineering design. Used in the development of niche communications the technologies and methodologies do not receive scientific study and communicated to the scientific community. This article summarizes the experience of the development of CAD for designing niche telecommunications systems and the use of it, becoming a summing up the previous work of the author.

Keywords: CAD, telecommunications system, niche telecommunication systems, topology of telecommunications, telecommunications, computer-aided design, networks, network topology, set theory, graph theory

References:
Vishnyakov A.V. Opyt nastroyki sistemy svyazi transportnykh sredstv // Nauchno-issledovatel'skie publikatsii. 2013. ¹ 1. S. 56-65.
Kruchinin S.V., Kuznetsov A.M., Zotov S.V. Graficheskoe yadro vizualizatsii i analiza inzhenernykh skhem. // Svidetel'stvo o gosudarstvennoy registratsii programma dlya EVM ¹ 2011618938 ot 27.09.2011. – Moskva. – Federal'naya sluzhba po intellektual'noy sobstvennosti, patentam i tovarnym znakam.
Vishnyakov A.V., Zotov C.V., Kruchinin S.V., Kruchinina M.Yu. Opyt razrabotki arkhitektury programmnogo obespecheniya SAPR vychislitel'nykh setey // Teoriya i tekhnika radiosvyazi. 2013. ¹ 1. S. 98-104.
Novakova N.E., Goryachev A.V., Goryachev A.A., Vasil'ev A.A., Monakhov A.V. Sistema upravleniya proektami v avtomatizirovannom proektirovanii // NB: Kibernetika i programmirovanie.-2013.-4.-C. 1-13. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/kp/article_8301.html
Kruchinin S.V., Zotov S.V., Vishnyakov A.V. K voprosu vybora mezhdu spetsializirovannost'yu i universal'nost'yu v proektirovanii SAPR (na primere SAPR sistem svyazi) // Izve

Abstract: This paper presents comparative analysis of the computer-aided systems for printed circuit plate desing P-CAD 2006 and Altium Designer 2012. The ideology of Altium Designer implies innovative approach to the designing of the electronic systems. The article shows main advantages and disadvantages of the printed circuit plate desing in the reviewed systems in the form of a summary table with results of the produced comparative analysis of the systems for computer-aided systems for printed circuit plate desing.
The authors describe features of the design process in P-CAD and Altium Designer systems based on the experience of their usage. The Altium Designer is a system of a flow-through computer-aided design of circuit plates, which main distinctive features of the P-CAD system are the ability to design circuit plates on the integrated circuit programmable logic devise (FPLD) and tools for building of three-dimensional model of the board. The authors conclude that the comparison with P-CAD the Altium Designer system is a modern one and is more comfortable for the electronic devises desing. The unified approach of Altium Designer benefits provide a much higher level of design synchronization in comparison with the integrated technologies and tools such as P-CAD.

Keywords: comparative analysis, computer-aided design, printed circuit plates, P-CAD, Altium Designer, through-flow computer-aided design, FPLD, electronic devices, designing, three-dimensional model of the board

References:
Arustamov, S. A. Analiz funktsional'nykh vozmozhnostey SAPR P-CAD 2006 na osnove opyta ee ekspluatatsii / S.A. Arustamov, Yu.A. Gatchin, E.B. Romanova //Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik SPbGU ITMO. – SPb.: SPbGU ITMO, 2009.-¹ 1(59). – 113 c.
Sabunin, A. E. Pochemu Altium Designer, a ne P-CAD / A.E. Sabunin // EDA Express.-M.: ZAO «NPP «RODNIK», 2010. –¹18-S. 3 – 6
Kompleksnye resheniya dlya avtomatizirovannogo proektirovaniya. Altium Designer (2013). SPb., NIP-INFORMATIKA. Web: http://www.nipinfor.ru/electronics/altium/10052

Abstract: The article provides an overview of existing international projects for vegetation assessment using remote sensing data. Particular attention is paid to the development of methodology for assessing the disturbance of forest cover from satellite monitoring and GIS technologies in modern software packages. One of the major projects that bring together experts, scientists and researchers in many countries in the field of satellite monitoring is a project NELDA (Northern Eurasia Land Dynamics Analysis). The aim of this study is to evaluate forest vegetation of the Volzhsk forestry of Mari El Republic using based on the analysis of nonsimultaneous multispectral Landsat satellite images of medium resolution using GIS technology. As a result of the study authors presents a review of existing GIS projects for for thematic mapping of forest vegetation based on the use of satellite imagery. The authors developed and applied a monitoring methodology for disturbed forest lands found using  remote sensing data in the GIS environment.

Keywords: remote sensing, Mari El, satellite monitoring, GIS, forest cover, satellite image, research, thematic map, GIS technology, forecast

References:
Krankina O. The NELDA (Northern Eurasia Land Dynamics Analysis) project Oregon State University.-2010. URL: http://www.fsl.orst.edu/nelda/index.html
Jean-Paul Malingreau. Monitoring Siberian-Eurasian Taiga Forests from Space / Jean-Paul Malingreau, Belward A., Isaev A., Bartalev S. // The Joint Research Centre of the European Commisio, The International Forest Institute.-Ispra, Italy. Moscow, Russia. – 2003. URL: http://www.ifi.rssi.ru/sibtrees/
Aksenov D. Atlas of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscapes. Biodiversity Conservation Center, Greenpeace Russia / Aksenov D., Dobrynin D., Dubinin M. // International Socio-Ecological Union, World Resources Institute, Moscow, Russia. – 2002. URL: http://www.forest.ru/eng/publications/intact
Kurbanov, E.A. Reshenie voprosov kosmicheskogo monitoringa lesnykh garey v kompleksnykh paketakh ENVI i ArcGIS [Tekst] / E.A. Kurbanov, O.N. Vorob'ev, S.A. Lezhnin, Yu.A. Polevshchikova // Geomatika. – Moskva: «Sovzond». –2012. – ¹ 4. – S. 82-92.
Kurbanov E.A. Distantsionnyy monitorin