Abstract: The active growth of the use of information technologies has affected the methodology of historiographical research. This article uses the social network modeling technology for the analysis of the Russian historiography of the 2010s, devoted to various aspects of the Mari Territory and local Mari groups’ history. The information capabilities of the Scientific Electronic Library eLIBRARY.RU which contains the RSCI bibliographic database were used to achieve this aim. A selection of scientific papers on the studied subject matter was formed on the stated resource portal. It includes 627 articles from journals and conference proceedings authored by more than 270 experts in historical and related disciplines. From all the articles a pool of highly cited publications was identified, including 72 scientific papers, on the basis of which a network graph was created in the Gephi program, which allowed to visualize the connections between selected papers. The automated graph stacking helped to make 13 large clusters of publications as well as a number of "peripheral" publications. The article describes in detail the methods and technologies used in the research conduction, shows the general description of the identified "topography" of the stated subject area and its development trends, and describes the most popular research topics at the present stage. The study is novel in that it uses citation data to identify and analyze the structure of communication in this subject area. The conducted social network analysis of the scientific literature has shown that the considered subject area of modern Russian historiography demonstrates a pronounced progress in its development, as evidenced by a significant thematic expansion of research, a large and geographically wide of authors’ corpus, the involvement of a number of new historical sources, the use of new research approaches, as well as significant grant support for research.

Keywords: mari local studies, Great Patriotic World, forestry, archeology, cluster, oriented graph, Gephi program, network analysis, historiography, Mari region

Abstract: The article presents the computer reconstruction of the Albazinsky fortress in 1685. Within the framework of the study, the method of ontological coordination of the maximum available sample of source data was used, which was subsequently repeatedly used in the reconstruction of other architectural complexes. At the first step, a general topographic plan of the settlement was created, containing all the archaeological data available at the time of the study. On top of the resulting painting plan, structures directly related to the fortress fence were reproduced, while the interior of the fortress was reproduced according to the cartographic drawing "Luosha". It was decided to fill in information gaps with information about architectural analogues of the period under consideration, as well as the general norms of wooden architecture. As a result of the work, a detailed three-dimensional model of the fortress was developed and a physical model was created for the scientific museum of Amur State University. A special feature of this work is the use of modern information technology tools, as well as a systematic approach, which made it possible to accurately and reasonably reproduce the appearance of the first outpost of the Amur region. It should be noted that all sources reflect only fragmentary background information on the problem under study, but their integration allows us to obtain a qualitatively new result. It is also worth noting that the developed three-dimensional models form a library of elements that simplifies subsequent reconstructions, and the three-dimensional printing technology allows to replicate the layout. In turn, the relevance of the research topic is related not only to the large number of similar lost architectural complexes, but also to the growing interest in patriotic education and national history in general.

Keywords: 3D-model, lost architectural complex, computer design, archival documents, 3D-printing, topographic plan, archaeology, reconstruction, Amur region, Albazinsky fortress

Abstract: The object of this study is the social history of the Kingdom of Castile and Leon in the 13th–15th centuries, which covers the dynamics of interactions between religious communities and their legal, economic and social status. The subject of the study is the application of object-oriented programming based on the example of using the unified modeling language (UML) to analyze the position of Muslims in the social space of the Kingdom of Castile and Leon of the specified period. The purpose of the article is to explore the possibilities of using UML in historical science, demonstrating how this method contributes to the modeling of social and legal structures of the past, as well as the structuring of historiographical concepts explaining the problem of coexistence in medieval Spain. The research aims to use engineering methods in studying the social and economic role of the Muslim population in the context of interaction with Christians and Jews. The research methodology combines traditional historical methods with modern programming approaches, which allows for a deeper understanding and analysis of the social status of Muslims and theoretical concepts about their role in the Kingdom of Castile and Leon. The author conducted a comprehensive analysis of the academic literature justifying the use of UML in the humanities. The scientific novelty lies in the use of class diagrams to analyze the social status of Muslims in the Kingdom of Castile and Leon in the 13th–15th centuries. This modeling language allows to structure complex social relationships, reflect the hierarchy of social groups, their legal status and relationships. UML is also effective for systematizing historiographical material, helping to identify hidden relationships between concepts. At the same time, this language is not a familiar tool for historians, which may make it difficult for researchers to use it. Nevertheless, mastering the syntax of these diagrams can be promising when modeling social relations. In addition, the use of UML promotes the integration of interdisciplinary approaches, combining methods of historical science and computer science.

Keywords: UML, visualization, Digital Humanities, Muslims, religious minorities, Castile and León, coexistence, historiography, object-oriented programming, social history